I had posted previously about this topic but now there is more news. To begin with, a lot of Indians don't understand bullet calibers. To get it out of the way, bullets are not interchangeable. A bullet of 7.62 * 39 calibre cannot be fired from a rifle that shoots 7.62 * 51 and vice versa. I hope everyone understands that.
So here's the problem. The Indian military it seems will be using 3 calibers of bullets for their battle rifles. Which makes no sense at all. I can understand if the rifles have separate roles, but they will all be standard infantry rifles.
The Indian military in order to replace its ageing and useless indigenous rifles have chosen 4 rifles, seemingly without coordination. These rifles are-
- Trichi Assault Rifle (TAR). Fires a 7.62 * 39 bullet. It's made indigenously by the Ordinance Factory Board. This seems to be nothing more than a copy of an AK-47 with minor improvements. Everything about it screams like an attempt by the OFB to stave off it's shuttering.
- AK - 203. Fires a 7.62 * 39 bullet. This is a joint effort by Russia and India to be manufactured at Amethi. Making a new rifle is an expensive affair and this rifle is more expensive than actually just buying one from a private company. I have doubts on whether it will actually succeed. It's been delayed numerous times.
- Sig 716. Fires a 7.62 * 51 or 7.62 NATO calibre bullet. This is made by American/German company Sig Sauer. It's a heavier calibre bullet. India ordered 180,000 + of this rifles and it has been distributed to soldiers already.
- Caracal CAR 816. Fires a 5.56 * 45 or 5.56 NATO round. This rifle is very well made and is widely praised. A lot of Middle Eastern countries have adopted it. India ordered 80k+ of this rifle that will be delivered soon. But because of "Make in India" initiative, any extra orders are scrapped. Caracal has offered to manufacture in india. It is yet to be seen what will happen.
The bullets and their differences.
- 5.56 NATO. This is the standard infantry rifle bullet used by NATO. It's light and has a higher velocity and accuracy upto 500 yards. It's proven effective since the 60's. It's widely available and is already the standard calibre for indian military.
- 7.62 NATO. This is a larger caliber bullet. It was the standard for Europe and even India prior to the INSAS. It's much heavier but has a longer range. It's accurate upto 1000 yards. The drawback is that because it's bigger, soldiers can carry fewer amounts of ammo. In the Falkland wars, British troops experienced ammo shortages in battle as a result. Thus they switched over to the 5.56 NATO round. Nowadays, it's used mostly as a sniper/marksman/machine gun bullet. Or for police.
- 7.62 * 39. This is the bullet of the Soviets and Communist countries. It's been used since the 50's. It works similar to the 5.56 NATO interms of range. 500 yards. But it's heavier. So the same disadvantage of the 7.62NATO. Russia is switching over to a smaller caliber as a result. Which raises the question, why is india buying guns of this calibre? This is effectively an obsolete caliber. It's makes no sense.
India needs to modernize it's military. But there seems to be no sense or plan on how it plans to do that. The US and most of NATO and allies use the 5.56 NATO. It works. We already have stockpiles of 5.56 NATO ready.
A team of soldiers in the field must have standard ammunition. It helps to make sure that soldiers can exchange bullets when they run out during battle. Some differences can exist, snipers and machine gunners need heavier calibers but the infantry rifleman should be armed with the same calibre of bullets. This doesn't seem to be happening. Different factions seems to be fighting within procurement department of the military.
It's going to be a Bofors-like cluster fuck. No one is raising any objections or questions about this. Not the opposition. Not the media. No one.