What's the 3 generations of IR since Rafale? The OSF on the Indian Rafales is supposed to be circa 2012 technology; i.e, it's roughly comparable to the IR technology on the OSF.
The IRST installed in Rafale is a scanning array. That was the technology prevailing when it was developed for it. Scanning arrays offer less sensitivity than staring arrays because staring has greater integration time being a two dimensional extension of scanning. In IR detection, range is a function of detector sensitivity and choice of IR band. IR sensitivity follows the square root formula like RWR and ESM because radiation travels one way. In simple terms, nine times greater sensitivity equates to 3 times increase in detection range. Staring arrays are known to have 2-3 times greater range than scanning arrays.
The other factor is choice of IR band. 3rd generation sensors are dual band i.e. LWIR and MWIR. Earlier generation was basically LWIR based because it requires little or nil cooling and was lighter and cheaper. MWIR offers higher resolution and that is important for discrimination against background noise such as ground, sky and rain et al. It is a cost vs performance consideration. As I often said, you get what you pay for and is not the silly PPP conversation that often gets in the way.
So they upgraded the IR scanner, which is probably why the claims of 50 km have been replaced by 100 km.
Rafale is clearly scheduled for an IRST upgrade as part of F4. I don't know whether it will go for a dual band staring array though. IMO, going for staring will also require significant upgrade of signal processing and computational hardware which is what F4 is intended to be.
In IR, it is not just about detection but ID and recognition and that in turn is about resolution. Pixel count has been improving from 1024 X 1024 to 2048 X 2048 to presently 4096 X 4096 with staring arrays. Finally range is also highly dependent on weather conditions For example, detection range can be degraded to just 15-20 % in rain against an ideal condition and that is ignoring FOV mode setting.
Also,
@Brumby ,
The importance of 11G is that most maneuvering fighters, barring the Rafale and Su-57, are officially 9G aircraft, with limits to their instantaneous turn rate. The 9G vs 11G difference means that it's a lot more challenging for a missile to hit them, even if you can only dodge one or two missiles, because the AAMs are typically designed for 9G opponents. I could potentially see a case where a J-20 is stuck ripple-firing 4 PL-15s to take out one Rafale.
You are right that the rule of thumb for g turn avoidance is a factor of five. That said, if you have to resort to g turn you have ran out of all other more viable options. In other words, you have reached a point where you either succeed or you are toast. You are forgetting that thrust vectoring missiles can get to 70 g's.
There are plenty of science behind miss distance missile interception and you can get public data on the different simulations on this subject. You just have to read some of the research rather than taking simplistic position on a complex subject.