"Israel" that is Samaria ceased to exist as a sovereign entity in 722BCE. "Judea" that is Judah ceased to exist as a sovereign entity in practical sense at the same time as it was forced to pay tribute but formally it ceases as its own kingdom in 570BCE. Judea - correctly: Iudea - is the Roman name of the historical region of Judah i.e. Yehud.
"First temple" is the "temple of Solomon" which is a Biblical location never confirmed by archeological data to have ever existed in Jerusalem - not during the time of alleged united kingdom, not before, not later. While it is likely that some temple existed on temple mount and at some point it would have been devoted to Yahweh (definitely during Josiah's rule) the Biblical Solomon's temple is an invention of Babylonian diaspora used to legitimize the temple of Cyrus that is the "second temple" of Yehud Medinata which as a province including both historical Judah and Israel and treating them as a single entity for the purpose of customary governance.
The notion of "Israel will prevail" is a Zionist bastardisation of the religious notion of messianic revival of Israel understood as the "twelve tribes" of which Judah is only one. That revival - according to Biblical principles - must happen as a religious revival and not a political one and it will be completed by the restoration of the covenant with god.
"Who controls the past controls the future: who controls the present controls the past" [George Orwell]
Once Israel was established following the armistice of 1949 the notion of Zionism as the first successful experiment reframed everything that Jewish community understood about returning to Eretz Israel. Because Zionism worked by formally establishing Israel as a state everything that referred to it was retroactively described as "Zionism".This is why the traditional concept of the rebuilding the temple and thus restoring original form of Judaism - as opposed to Rabbinical Judaism which lacks its core priestly ritual - was reframed as "Religious Zionism" even though it was part of traditional Judaism. That is obviously the aim of Zionists who want to monopolise Jewish identity for their own purposes. It's a common practice in politics to rewrite history to rationalise and legitimise incidental success and in this case Zionism and Judaism are mutually exclusive. It's not obvious at first but try to be Jew and oppose Zionism and see what happens. At the same time you don't need to be a Jew to be a Zionist.
The reframing worked because there was nobody to counter that trend. European Jews were dead and American Jews were largely assimilationist and liberal thus lacking the traditional background. Israel as a state actor could also apply much greater resources to promoting its views than non-state actors. It's the same as with socialism - once Lenin captured Russia he turned its resources to eradicating competing socialist doctrines. Marxism-Leninism is "not Marxism" but it was not possible to win against the firehose of falsehood run from Moscow.
Zionism was created as an explicitly secular ideology. Theodor Herzl did not circumsise his son. He was a Germanophile and an assimilationist who despised "Jewish" identity as defined by Judaism which is why he uses a different name for his movement.
Herzl also viewed Zionism as vehicle of his personal influence and status. He wanted to create a Jewish state to establish himself and his family as part of its ruling elite. He also always supported removal of native population from whichever territory was assigned for Jews - including his Uganda proposal for temporary Jewish state.
Zionism may seem to some as a religion but that's only because they can't tell the difference between a religion and a cult. Judaism is a religion. Zionism is a cult.
