After doing all the comparison plan-views for the carrier threads, this is my thinking for an ideal "starter carrier" for any large navy (eg PLAN).
About 35,000 tons. Built as STOBAR but with provision for single waist position cat for experimental developments towards a CTOL carrier.
Main features are that the landing run is at a much shallower angle than most (like RN's aborted CVA-01 design). This allows for a more deck parking. Also, absolutely no parking on port side of landing strip (not an optimal place anyway).
The carrier would be a monohull and slightly lower than most carriers to allow a wider flight deck for tonnage.
Single run ski-jump but with three take-off positions one behind the other. Primary (first) one does not obstruct landing strip but second two do (compromises!!!). Third one would allow "heavies" like AEW fixed-wing or fully laden Su-33s to take-off(?).
The island superstructure is very far forward to minimise flightdeck distruption. VLS area-air defence SAM (HHQ-16??) next to ski-jump (I can't see the bow being an optimum place to park aircraft!).
3 FL-3000N CIWS give 360 degree coverage. Light crewed and/or remote 20/30mm operated cannon also fitted in hull sides or on outrider positions for GP defence. -maybe adapt remote operate IFV turrets?
Ideal fighter would be lighter than Su-33 but Flanker ops would be possible to cater for cross-decking with Varyag.
COGAG-ASAD(!!!) - i.e. COGAG with experimental steam after-boilers off the exhaust for the catapult. Also substantial diesel back-up and port-power. Exhausts on starboard side below flightdeck level behind second lift, to reduce island structure and IR signature.