If one looks at American carrier design history, it is striking just how conservative American post WWII carrier design really has been, and how much basic American carrier design has stagnated since the late 1950s. Even the latest Ford Class carriers are really still just a half hearted attempt to update the basic american carrier design with had largely been fixed since the Kitty Hawk design of the mid 1950s, and passed down from class to class with little substantive changes through the 16 ships spanning almost 70 years. This can be attributed to the fact that during all this period, no one else built another very large carrier.
I suspect with several major powers now building and operating very large carriers, the basic design of carriers will evolve much more rapidly in the next 20-30 years. Carriers being commissioned in 2030s will probably be very much more different from carriers built today, then carriers built today is from the Kitty Hawk of late 1950s.