I've been curious for a while as to how China benefits from building aircraft carriers. If you look at the economic growth China has sustained over the past 30 or so years, the majority has been done under the security provided by the United States Navy. Given that the United States has been so granting to Chinese economic growth over this time period, why has China rushed to establish themselves as the military power in the Pacific. It seems to me that it would have been easier to let the US maintain that position, while reaping all the economic benefits that stable shipping lanes entailed.
Because the security the US has hitherto provided to china is incidental to the US protecting a global system where its own position as the hegemon in the west pacific is secure and it uniquely benefiting economically from its post WWII position as the lone superpower in the system of world trade and finances. This position is sustainable so long as the US remain by far the largest developed economy.
China's ambition is to become a fully developed nation so that its citizens on average enjoy a fully industrialized standard of living. Because China's population is 4.5 times that of the US, in order for china to become fully developed its economy per force will become much larger than those of the US. The US can not remain a credible hegemon in west pacific, or the lone superpower, or even the leading superpower, should Chinese economy become comparable to the US economy in technological and industrial sophistication and percapita productivity.
Therefore by default if china were to become fully developed, the system which had benefited American since the end of WWII and which America had defended and only incidentally facilitated China's initial rise from 1979 to,circa 2008, would be overthrown.
Since 1989, the singular characteristic of American relationship with china had been that even as American seeks to maximize the economic benefit of trade relation with china, America could not reconcile itself to the form of society and government china has adopted. It is not what china and the chinese government does, but what the china and the Chinese government is, that America can not reconcile itself to. Therefore, china does not believe there is any hope that through its actions it can mollify American concerns about Chinese rise. China believe American will be inflexibly hostile to any china whose average citizens threaten to approach American standard of living and hence whose country, by virtue of its larger population, must surpass America in total economic power.
This is why china feels it is not plausible for china to to attain the level of development comparable to America's without first attaining a level of military power sufficient to deter America from committing itself to forstalling that development by subverting China's government or territorial and resource interests.