Rapid global response to the new coronavirus shows progress made since SARS
Identifying the virus was easier this time, but containing it is still a challenge
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Scientists think the new virus spreading rapidly through Central China
of infecting humans at the beginning of December. By December 31st, public health officials
that they had patients with the then-unknown virus to the World Health Organization (WHO).
Two weeks later, scientists had isolated and
the virus’s genetic sequence, determining that it was a type of virus called a coronavirus, which is part of the family of viruses that also caused the SARS outbreak.
That fast turnaround highlights the progress made in biotechnology and in public health response to novel viruses over the past few decades. By comparison, the
SARS virus emerged in November 2002, but it took until April 2003 for scientists to get a full genetic sequence. It
took several months of disease spreading in Western Africa in 2013 before authorities determined it was caused by Ebola. It took
around a year to identify Zika as the cause of illnesses in Brazil in 2014 and 2015.
“It’s been extremely rapid,” says Kristian Andersen, director of infectious disease genomics at the Scripps Research Translational Institute. The
process moved quickly even though it’s flu season in China, which likely made the process more complicated than usual. Clinicians had to first figure out that the illnesses they were seeing were unusual and not just caused by the normal flu. “I’ve been quite impressed by how fast this whole response went. It’s extremely difficult, to realize you have an outbreak, be able to isolate the virus, sequence it, and share data. This is not easy.”
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