Chinese UCAV/CCA/flying wing drones (ISR, A2A, A2G) thread

Deino

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Why not simply just two of H-20's engines for both the GJ-X and WZ-X. Whatever engine H-20 will be using should be far along by now if the rumors of first flight later this year is true. I'm not sure why people are against high bypass ratio engines in flying wings especially when there is evidence that H-20's design will use it. Like this tender below that specifically called for high bypass engine not medium. View attachment 161005


Since when is this evidence for being used on/in the H-20?
 

Blitzo

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Some additional thoughts on the GJ-X:

1. This thing is a big deal. A B-21 sized stealth UCAV for the PLAAF is not on anyone's radar. Unmanned+A2B2 VLO stealth+potentially very long IWB makes the GJ-X the most futuristic aircraft in the world in my opinion.

2. The most similar aircraft to it is the B-21. Aviation week puts the B-21's wingspan at 40m but I have also seen estimates at 45m. This would make the B-21 either slightly smaller, the same or slightly bigger than the GJ-X. The B-21's straight leading edge is the gold standard for stealth but the cranked kite is extremely good as well. Think 24 carat gold vs 20 carat gold.

3. If we assume a MTOW around 80 ton, and the thrust requirement is about 25 to 30% of the MTOW, we are looking at 20-24 tons of thrust. Unlike the B-21 the engines of the GJ-X seems to be on the centerline and thus likely the thickest part of the airframe. That would make WS-18/D-30 or even the 2.2m diameter WS-20 candidates for propulsion. I think no-afterburner WS-10 or WS-15 with no change to bypass ratio are less likely given that specific fuel consumption are critical to the range and operational reach of bombers.View attachment 161002
4. Being unmanned saves a lot of space for weapons and fuel. Even assuming less efficient engines, the GJ-X would likely have B-21-class range and payload. This is a true peer and symetrical counter to the B-21. I made this graph a while ago which I think mostly still stands. I would guess the GJ-X fills the Hawaii/Australia bomber role.

View attachment 161003

5. A major benefit of the cranked kite configuration is longer fuselage and thus potentially longer weapon bays. This is consistent with recent rumors suggesting a PLAAF requirement to integrate long missiles for its strategic bombers. However, I seriously doubt JingLei-1 or other missiles of its length/range-class would be integrated given its long stand-off range is a poor use of VLO bombers.

6. Since GJ-X is unmanned, its more acceptable for it to go on suicide missions. This would make nuclear bombing with several dozens of B-61 style gravity bombs against CONUS a real possibility.

7. How does the GJ-X impact the H-20 program? I think the existence of a unmanned Hawaii/Australia bomber implies that the H-20 will be more optimized for CONUS missions. This might mean an unrefueled combat radius enough to launch stand-off HCM against CONUS targets or penetration of NORAD with only one refueling. Notably, the GJ-X could potentially be used as a stealth tanker which would give the H-20 or other GJ-X global reach. The fact that the PLA is heavily investing in subsonic A2B2 VLO as a penetration strategy should also put an end to any suggestion that the H-20 will be supersonic.

8. As for how the GJ-X will be used, allow me to advertise for my infographic here. The GJ-X fits in the same role as I described for the H-20.

9. For math/statistics nerds: The emergence of the GJ-X is Bayesian evidence that allow us to update the prior distribution of our estimate of China's bomber/large aircraft industrial base by significantly increase the mean and reducing the standard deviation. In other words, we now have higher certainty of very strong capability of the Chinese defense industrial base. I would now be less surprised if China builds e.g. a flying wing C-5 class transporter or a 250 ton MTOW H-20.


A few replies on certain points

3. I think the idea of using a high bypass engine like WS-20 in this aircraft would still be somewhat unlikely. The positioning of the engines would be in the central fuselage, which is prime weapons bay location. Given the diameter of an engine like WS-20, the idea of having two such engines seems ambitious to me. The use of a non AB WS-10 variant (like use of F118s in B-2) is just a reflection of the need that a stealthy flying wing has to compromise with an engine of a smaller diameter to fit its fuselage

5. Indeed, one of the major benefits of a cranked kite versus a continuous leading edge flying wing is the ability to have a longer weapons bay without increasing aircraft weight as much (that benefit would make the slight RCS detriment of a cranked kite a worthwhile tradeoff if it is an important part of the aircraft's requirements). I'm unsure if this aircraft will be able to carry something as large as JL-1, but I do believe there is a case to be made that VLO bomber aircraft being able to carry long range standoff weapons is actually somewhat important especially if you are striking at heavily defended targets.

6. Using GJ-X in a one way, suicide mission role is certainly very viable given it is unmanned. I think the idea of using such a valuable platform for launching nuclear weapons against CONUS is somewhat unnecessary/unlikely however. Not to mention the consequences of what it actually means for PLA nuclear strategy (if they're conducting aerial nuclear bombing of CONUS then you'd be at strategic nuclear exchange most probably anyhow, so this notion can probably be safely ignored for now)

There aren't many use cases for S bend intake and high bypass ratio engines.

Indeed, but defining how high the "high bypass" ratio actually is, and the stage of maturity is a whole other topic.

Given how cautiously we approach PLA/PRC engine matters, I agree with Deino that a somewhat high degree of evidence shoudl be required to characterize what exactly we're talking about.
 

ACuriousPLAFan

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4. Being unmanned saves a lot of space for weapons and fuel. Even assuming less efficient engines, the GJ-X would likely have B-21-class range and payload. This is a true peer and symetrical counter to the B-21. I made this graph a while ago which I think mostly still stands. I would guess the GJ-X fills the Hawaii/Australia bomber role.
7. How does the GJ-X impact the H-20 program? I think the existence of a unmanned Hawaii/Australia bomber implies that the H-20 will be more optimized for CONUS missions. This might mean an unrefueled combat radius enough to launch stand-off HCM against CONUS targets or penetration of NORAD with only one refueling. Notably, the GJ-X could potentially be used as a stealth tanker which would give the H-20 or other GJ-X global reach. The fact that the PLA is heavily investing in subsonic A2B2 VLO as a penetration strategy should also put an end to any suggestion that the H-20 will be supersonic.

Speaking of which:


Still remember this fella? You guys here in this forum know what to do, lads (lmfao)
 

Blitzo

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Speaking of which:


Still remember this fella? You guys here in this forum know what to do, lads.

I don't think this forum has a record of making enthusiast derived patches.

Hello guys I made a comparison image of GJ-X and B-21, and assuming that the wingspan of B-21 is 46m.

View attachment 161007

Is this assuming GJ-X has a wingspan of 42m?
I'll have to check it when I'm back at my computer, but the visual difference seems a bit large if it's only a difference of 4m in wingspan
 

Jason_

Junior Member
Registered Member
A few replies on certain points

3. I think the idea of using a high bypass engine like WS-20 in this aircraft would still be somewhat unlikely. The positioning of the engines would be in the central fuselage, which is prime weapons bay location. Given the diameter of an engine like WS-20, the idea of having two such engines seems ambitious to me. The use of a non AB WS-10 variant (like use of F118s in B-2) is just a reflection of the need that a stealthy flying wing has to compromise with an engine of a smaller diameter to fit its fuselage

5. Indeed, one of the major benefits of a cranked kite versus a continuous leading edge flying wing is the ability to have a longer weapons bay without increasing aircraft weight as much (that benefit would make the slight RCS detriment of a cranked kite a worthwhile tradeoff if it is an important part of the aircraft's requirements). I'm unsure if this aircraft will be able to carry something as large as JL-1, but I do believe there is a case to be made that VLO bomber aircraft being able to carry long range standoff weapons is actually somewhat important especially if you are striking at heavily defended targets.
I agree with your assessment that ~8m long IWB is reasonable. This length incidently would allow back-to-back packing of whatever weapon that fits in PLA's tactical jets. BTW, we now have confirmation from Orca that the H-20 is not going to fit the JL-1 (he implied this idea is stupid). (
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)
6. Using GJ-X in a one way, suicide mission role is certainly very viable given it is unmanned. I think the idea of using such a valuable platform for launching nuclear weapons against CONUS is somewhat unnecessary/unlikely however. Not to mention the consequences of what it actually means for PLA nuclear strategy (if they're conducting aerial nuclear bombing of CONUS then you'd be at strategic nuclear exchange most probably anyhow, so this notion can probably be safely ignored for now)
Nuclear bombing of any kind is (hopefully) a very low likelihood event. However, the mere possibility of this would force American strategists to rethink CONUS defenses and allocate resources in ways that are arguably very favorable to Chinese interest.
Indeed, but defining how high the "high bypass" ratio actually is, and the stage of maturity is a whole other topic.

Given how cautiously we approach PLA/PRC engine matters, I agree with Deino that a somewhat high degree of evidence shoudl be required to characterize what exactly we're talking about.
I would argue given the significant benefits of a high bypass turbofan, we should presume they will equip China's premier aerial assets unless there are strong evidence against it. Historically, the use of low bypass engines on the B-2 was due to flow distortion as explained by this
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from Bill Sweetman:
On the B-2, the low-bypass GE F118 engine was selected because it was too risky to place a higher-bypass engine, more sensitive to flow distortion, behind the curved and RAM-treated inlet ducts needed to hide the fan face from radar. With the aid of better CFD, that problem can be eliminated: Northrop Grumman proposed a large bomber UAV in 2005, powered by two modified GE CF34 turbofans, and Lockheed Martin flew the Polecat demonstrator in 2006 with two Williams FJ44s.
 

ACuriousPLAFan

Brigadier
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I don't think this forum has a record of making enthusiast derived patches.

Sorry, the intended audience is actually the PLA-watching community on the other side of the wall, a few of which does make non-official patches related to the PLA. My bad.

Is this assuming GJ-X has a wingspan of 42m?
I'll have to check it when I'm back at my computer, but the visual difference seems a bit large if it's only a difference of 4m in wingspan

By taking the runway centerline marking in front of the GJ-X at 30 meters long (obtained from Google Maps) for measurement referencing, a wingspan of ~42 meters (and possibly up to ~43/44 meters, accounting for discrepancies) and a length of ~24 meters are obtained for the GJ-X.

gjxmeasure.png
 
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Blitzo

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I agree with your assessment that ~8m long IWB is reasonable. This length incidently would allow back-to-back packing of whatever weapon that fits in PLA's tactical jets. BTW, we now have confirmation from Orca that the H-20 is not going to fit the JL-1 (he implied this idea is stupid). (
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)

I think one of the benefits of a longer but thinner versus shorter but wider weapons bay, is exactly that a longer weapons bay will still allow you to fit back to back packing of weapons that fit in a shorter/wider weapons bay as well as longer unitary weapons if needed... but the reverse is not true for a shorter/wider weapons bay.

Nuclear bombing of any kind is (hopefully) a very low likelihood event. However, the mere possibility of this would force American strategists to rethink CONUS defenses and allocate resources in ways that are arguably very favorable to Chinese interest.

From a planning point of view that's reasonable, though I do think if it's reached a situation where there is a cusp of nuclear exchange, GJ-Xs would be better used to bomb locations closer than CONUS... or if they were used in such a role, they would probably launch something like YJ-18C or the PLA equivalent of LRSO rather than dropping unpowered nuclear PGMs.


I would argue given the significant benefits of a high bypass turbofan, we should presume they will equip China's premier aerial assets unless there are strong evidence against it. Historically, the use of low bypass engines on the B-2 was due to flow distortion as explained by this
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from Bill Sweetman:

There are of course very significant benefits to a high bypass turbofan, that isn't in any doubt.
The question is whether a high bypass turbofan of sufficient dimensions and maturity is available for the PLA to fit in GJ-X, WZ-X and H-20.

Simply from a fuselage cross section point of view, I am very hesitant to point at WS-20 and say that it would be appropriate.
(For example, what would B-2 have looked like with four CFM-56s?)

===

Hello guys I made a comparison image of GJ-X and B-21, and assuming that the wingspan of B-21 is 46m.

View attachment 161007

So, taking that image of B-21 (btw is it an actual satellite image? I actually haven't seen it before), assuming it is 46m wingspan, I measure it at 390 pixels.
If we assume GJ-X has a wingspan of 42m, that's 356 pixels wide, which looks somewhat more like this:

1758259342988.png
 
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GyrfalconFC31

New Member
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I think one of the benefits of a longer but thinner versus shorter but wider weapons bay, is exactly that a longer weapons bay will still allow you to fit back to back packing of weapons that fit in a shorter/wider weapons bay as well as longer unitary weapons if needed... but the reverse is not true for a shorter/wider weapons bay.



From a planning point of view that's reasonable, though I do think if it's reached a situation where there is a cusp of nuclear exchange, GJ-Xs would be better used to bomb locations closer than CONUS... or if they were used in such a role, they would probably launch something like YJ-18C or the PLA equivalent of LRSO rather than dropping unpowered nuclear PGMs.




There are of course very significant benefits to a high bypass turbofan, that isn't in any doubt.
The question is whether a high bypass turbofan of sufficient dimensions and maturity is available for the PLA to fit in GJ-X, WZ-X and H-20.

Simply from a fuselage cross section point of view, I am very hesitant to point at WS-20 and say that it would be appropriate.
(For example, what would B-2 have looked like with four CFM-56s?)

===



So, taking that image of B-21 (btw is it an actual satellite image? I actually haven't seen it before), assuming it is 46m wingspan, I measure it at 390 pixels.
If we assume GJ-X has a wingspan of 42m, that's 356 pixels wide, which looks somewhat more like this:

View attachment 161019

This satellite image is from chinese Jilin-1 remote sensing system

5318f3deb48f8c541599210e7c292df5e0fe7f17_1.jpg
 
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