The shipyards are in Ukraine now. That's why they don't get Russian orders. The Ukrainian economy is too small to order large vessels like that. Ukraine has about as much population as Spain and as much landmass as France. If it were not for the corruption it has with the large agricultural sector and experience in mechanical engineering they have from Soviet times (tanks, aircraft, missiles, and ships) they could at least have the capability to build a small carrier. Much like Russia in Yeltsin's time there are a couple of oligarchs who control most of the wealth and they simply don't pay taxes. Most of the politicians are even more crooked than the oligarchs and don't care about the state of the country.
Russia's major shipyards right now are in St. Petersburg. They built the Kirov battlecruisers there in Soviet times so they can easily build something like the Mistral or a small carrier like the ones Spain and Italy have. There are rumors they are building larger dry dock facilities which could build something like the Kuznetsov class in there. But the shipyards have been kind of bogged down because of lack of availability of marine gas turbines after the war on Ukraine (which is where the Soviet marine gas turbine industry was located). The Russians also cannot source marine diesels from Germany anymore because of EU economic sanctions on Russia. So they've had to build Russian native marine turbines based on their aviation turbines. The large diesels IIRC were based on improved locomotive diesels.
Supposedly they have these Russian native engines in production right now so I expect the Russian naval buildup to ramp over the next 5 years. The Ukrainian suppliers of these engines are probably more hurt by the sanctions than the Russians are. They don't have that many clients for this kinda of material. Maybe China and India. But China is already capable of building their own marine gas turbine engines and have no need to resort to imports from Ukraine anymore.