vesicles
Colonel
Engines are like aircraft, they go by generations, the current WS-10 is one generation behind what the US or Russia have, one generation, see, this is important the Su-27/J-11 today are old aircraft, specially in the case of China are even older.
The generations go by size and thrust to weight ratio, the Me-262 had really weak engines if i am not wrong 900 kg/thrust, this went up in the MiG-21 to 7000 kg/thrust and this later came up to 13000 kg/thrust in the Al-31/F-100.
Russia has engines of 22000kg in the Tu-22M and 15000kg in the MiG-31 but these are large so they are not 5th generation but 4th generation specially due to fuel consumption, same is B-1B.
Same is in airliners, the engines powering Y-20 are 1970s updated to be used in 2015, the PD-14 is a new engine, for the same reasons military ones are 4th or 5th generation.
The Trent Series are new engines just consider a B-707 had 4 engines today a B-787 has two, the B-777 has two but DC-10 had three.
so engines demand higher reliability, higher thrust, more economy and smaller size, that is what the F-119 has over the F-100 or Al-31.
WS-10 is not at the same Level the newest Al-31s or 117s series, also these engines are old, type 30 promises to power Russia to have a smaller, lighter, more economic and reliable engine that the highly revamped 117 series.
To see, consider a Su-35 will supercruise and a Eurofighter will do the same, no J-10 or J-11 can do that.
And the F-22 can supercruise much better than both the Su-35 and Eurofighter and with type 30 PAKFA is supposedly to be at levels of F-22 of higher.
The Il-476 has new engines that simply surpass what the Y-20 has, a better engine with better wings make the Il-476 competitive with Y-20 specially if you pack it with new avionics, yes Il-476 looks old and Y-20, but the reality is the Y-20 has older technology in engines and is a generation behind
The technology does not progress linearly. So to think that one falling behind now would never catch up is nonsense. Just think about how much China was behind the West 30 years ago and compare to the technological gap that they have now. I'm sure the gap is no longer as big as it was 30 years ago. So one falling behind CAN catch up.