Chinese Economics Thread

abenomics12345

Junior Member
Registered Member
To me, it's clear that the strongest pillar of American power is its control and power over global finance and that is afforded by be the reserve status of the USD.

I think you've nailed the problem on its head, except the wicked problem here is that America's control of global finance is not predicated upon some "American-ness" but rather human greed. If you talk to the 'elites' of other developing countries (SE Asia, LatAM), you will quickly realize that it isn't just a Chinese phenomenon that domestic elites prefer US dollars and American style plutocracy. So it really isn't some domestic conspiracy theory that rich Chinese people are somehow inherently evil - if anything they are just rational actors watching out for their personal interests.

Moreoever, I don't think the question of "does China want RMB to be global reserve currency" has even been answered internally within the policymaking community either so it's pretty esoteric in terms of a point of debate. We actually don't know.

FWIW, if Trump gets elected and gets his way with some of the shit he's trying to do in 2nd term like this (h/t @tphuang for sharing):


The scenario painted by @Michaelsinodef accelerates faster. To quote another friend who was very eloquent about this:

"My view on this is that the “reckoning” on years of capricious and senseless US foreign policy will come to roost sooner or later; Trump is merely a laxative that speeds up the process"

Could it happen in 1 year? Unlikely. 10 years? Maybe. Within the next 50 years? Very likely. But these estimates are so wide that you can drive a truck through it and they offer zero predictive value.

The stock market has never been a signficant part of the Chinese economy and this is obvious if you look at what share proportionally it occupies. Is this the last line of cope for Americans to claim they still have a chance of catching up economically? Stop living in an alternate reality.

Lol this would make sense if you believed they don't care about the stock market. Seriously, read the f'ing policy papers by actual policy people in China and listen to what they are saying as opposed to rehashing what you believe:

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他强调,资本市场是共同富裕的一个基础性市场。发展好中国资本市场,使中国居民的收入在资本市场理财里得到比较公平的、合理的、安全的保障,是中国老百姓增加家庭财产收入的重要方面。
 

manqiangrexue

Brigadier
I think you've nailed the problem on its head, except the wicked problem here is that America's control of global finance is not predicated upon some "American-ness" but rather human greed. If you talk to the 'elites' of other developing countries (SE Asia, LatAM), you will quickly realize that it isn't just a Chinese phenomenon that domestic elites prefer US dollars and American style plutocracy. So it really isn't some domestic conspiracy theory that rich Chinese people are somehow inherently evil - if anything they are just rational actors watching out for their personal interests.

Moreoever, I don't think the question of "does China want RMB to be global reserve currency" has even been answered internally within the policymaking community either so it's pretty esoteric in terms of a point of debate. We actually don't know.
Are you saying that global elites prefer a reserve USD so they can be corrupt using it as it would be too dangerous to themselves to be corrupt with their own currencies?

In the end, although I see attacks on the USD and I see it taking some damage, they seem to be scratches accumulating on a tree trunk. I don't see a clear path to bringing the tree down, not for the reason you listed but because that would require getting the major Western economies to abandon the USD and I don't see a way to convince them to do that. I think China's ultimate victory will have to lie in grinding down the entire harvestable US allied population until there's no one left in shape to help the US and then it becomes a matter of running over a US that has nowhere else to suck blood from to recuperate. Sounds like a tall tower to climb but it's not too far from happening because fighting with other peoples' blood and gambling with other peoples' money has given the US leadership a culture of recklessness that will ultimately be America's undoing.
FWIW, if Trump gets elected and gets his way with some of the shit he's trying to do in 2nd term like this (h/t @tphuang for sharing):


The scenario painted by @Michaelsinodef accelerates faster. To quote another friend who was very eloquent about this:

"My view on this is that the “reckoning” on years of capricious and senseless US foreign policy will come to roost sooner or later; Trump is merely a laxative that speeds up the process"

Could it happen in 1 year? Unlikely. 10 years? Maybe. Within the next 50 years? Very likely. But these estimates are so wide that you can drive a truck through it and they offer zero predictive value.
Of course. Trump couldn't get elected if he himself was the disease but he can if he is an accelerant of the disease pushed by the disease.
Lol this would make sense if you believed they don't care about the stock market. Seriously, read the f'ing policy papers by actual policy people in China and listen to what they are saying as opposed to rehashing what you believe:

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他强调,资本市场是共同富裕的一个基础性市场。发展好中国资本市场,使中国居民的收入在资本市场理财里得到比较公平的、合理的、安全的保障,是中国老百姓增加家庭财产收入的重要方面。
I'm not a stock market person at all but my wife is. When she wanted to invest our money in the US stock market, I said I wanted her to put it in the Chinese market instead. She told me she has no confidence doing that and doesn't want to be on the edge of her seat every waking moment. She says the US stock market is a stable long term investment; you invest $100 in Google and watch it become $800 in 10+ years, even if the US economy doesn't really grow. It's a safe long-term investment and it doesn't scare her or cause her to have to moniter trade by the hour because small temporary dips or even year-long adjustments will inevitably be lost in the long term trend of growth. But people in China see the Chinese stock market way differently. It's a short fast gambling game. The goal is to get in and get out with a huge amount of money earned at other peoples' expense. It's not a long term win-for-all investment but a trip to the casino and you are very much in danger of losing. She said NIO's stock is a good example. Starting at $10, it began a slow descent and fell to less than $2, typical of a garbage stock no one would want to get in on; then, a sudden mad growth to over $60, then it drops back to below $10. If you were a genius and gambled right, you could more than 30X your money in a year. If you gambled wrong, if you are like the majority of people who only get attracted to a stock once it becomes valuable thinking it will rise more, you can lose it all. And this volatility exists regardless of how much China's actual economy grows. In America, long term strategists invest in the stock market; in China, it's a gambler's world.
 
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GiantPanda

Junior Member
Registered Member
Lol this would make sense if you believed they don't care about the stock market. Seriously, read the f'ing policy papers by actual policy people in China and listen to what they are saying as opposed to rehashing what you believe:

Please, Log in or Register to view URLs content!

他强调,资本市场是共同富裕的一个基础性市场。发展好中国资本市场,使中国居民的收入在资本市场理财里得到比较公平的、合理的、安全的保障,是中国老百姓增加家庭财产收入的重要方面。

Pretty generic.

There are far more forceful statements on "Common Prosperity" which basically says they (Chinese Government) see the stock market with its speculative income as something actually detrimental to society if too much profit is made without actual production.

The proof is in the pudding. There are right now only "rumors" of a $278B QE move -- which kicked up stocks BTW. If they view it as serious there would be a clear cut move in the $Trillions like the US did during Lehman. There's no such move and only possibility of a rescue package that amounts to peanuts versus what the West had put forth during actual crisis.

And I think the Chinese government is right in assigning peanuts to any possible rescue.

Commodity prices stayed high in China. If the stock reflects the actual economy and things are in the shitter. They would collapse.

Commodities stayed high because economic activity stayed high regardless of the fall in stocks.

Again, Chinese stocks had historically suffered mind-numbing losses even during times of great growth like during the 2000s when the country was growing in double digits.
 

Serb

Junior Member
Registered Member
There is all this talk about stocks, but what about bonds?

In the moment when the US has more and more historical record-breaking debt levels by year, month, day,

Their bonds are less and less attractive.

In the end, FED will have to add more and more on its balance sheet and print money until it implodes.

Because the world is also dumping dollars like never before.




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The Bond Connect program has witnessed a 30-fold growth in trading volume since its launch more than half a decade ago as yuan-denominated bonds are increasingly popular among global investors due to their superior returns and diversification benefits.

The comment was made by senior officials from the People's Bank of China — the country's central bank — and the China Foreign Exchange Trade System during the Bond Connect Anniversary Summit 2023 held in Hong Kong on Tuesday to celebrate the sixth anniversary of the program.

Gao Fei, deputy director of the PBOC's Financial Market Department, said the return rate on investing in medium-and long-term Chinese government bonds outperforms investments in bonds issued by other governments.

Gao cited data from FTSE Russell showing the return rate of Chinese government bonds in 2022 ranked tops globally.

"If denominated in the local currency of each country, the return rates of holding short-term, medium-and long-term Chinese government bonds last year were 2.6 percent, 2.8 percent and 5.8 percent, respectively, which are significantly higher than that of other market government bonds with the same maturity," Gao said.

"Moreover, Chinese government bonds are the only government bonds with positive investment returns in all maturities," he added. Even taking into account exchange rate fluctuations and inflation, Gao said, the real investment yield of renminbi-denominated bonds is still relatively high.

"From the perspective of hedging, this function of renminbi-denominated bonds has also been continuously enhanced, and has gradually become a totally safe asset," Gao added.

"We believe that as China's various policies and measures take effect, overall economic operations pick up — alongside the diversification value brought by competitive real interest rates and low correlation of renminbi-denominated bonds with other asset classes — these factors will continue to bring opportunities for overseas institutions," said Zhang Yi, president of the China Foreign Exchange Trade System and chairperson of Bond Connect Company.


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abenomics12345

Junior Member
Registered Member
I'm not a stock market person at all but my wife is. When she wanted to invest our money in the US stock market, I said I wanted her to put it in the Chinese market instead. She told me she has no confidence doing that and doesn't want to be on the edge of her seat every waking moment. She says the US stock market is a stable long term investment; you invest $100 in Google and watch it become $800 in 10+ years, even if the US economy doesn't really grow. It's a safe long-term investment and it doesn't scare her or cause her to have to moniter trade by the hour because small temporary dips or even year-long adjustments will inevitably be lost in the long term trend of growth. But people in China see the Chinese stock market way differently. It's a short fast gambling game. The goal is to get in and get out with a huge amount of money earned at other peoples' expense. It's not a long term win-for-all investment but a trip to the casino and you are very much in danger of losing. She said NIO's stock is a good example. Starting at $10, it began a slow descent and fell to less than $2, typical of a garbage stock no one would want to get in on; then, a sudden mad growth to over $60, then it drops back to below $10. If you were a genius and gambled right, you could more than 30X your money in a year. If you gambled wrong, if you are like the majority of people who only get attracted to a stock once it becomes valuable thinking it will rise more, you can lose it all. And this volatility exists regardless of how much China's actual economy grows. In America, long term strategists invest in the stock market; in China, it's a gambler's world.

And this, is precisely the goddamn problem.

There's a lot of "the foreign machine is by definition better than the Chinese machine" energy from this line of thinking.

Why is it that the US market is treated as a wealth accumulating market whereas the Chinese market is not?

Are you saying that global elites prefer a reserve USD so they can be corrupt using it as it would be too dangerous to themselves to be corrupt with their own currencies?

I am saying that wining and dining in NYC on caviar and lobster and 3 star restaurants is the cultural identity of what it means to be 'global elite'. Going back to my earlier point on 'calling the shots' - this is a function of Hollywood's propaganda successful at portraying the US as something it is not. The US as a 'destination' of debauchery and opulent/luxurious lifestyle is attractive especially when the government takes a laisse faire attitude towards these issues. China, on the other hand, does not take so kindly to this - ask Kris Wu.

There are far more forceful statements on "Common Prosperity" which basically says they (Chinese Government) see the stock market with its speculative income as something actually detrimental to society if too much profit is made without actual production.

First of all, quote these "forceful statements" - where are they?

Second of all, I think you have a fundamentally misconstrued understanding of how stock markets actually work vs. what you saw in Wolf of Wall Street. Like, seriously. Just stop. Go read his book on Structural Reform if you are interested in learning about the plans/goals of reforms in China. I've read it and that is why I am categorically calling you out here.

Investing 101:

The present value of a stock is the cumulative sum of all future cashflows discounted to the present using an appropriate discount rate. As such, return of a stock equate to a combination of: dividends + earnings growth + change in the valuation (P/E ratio as a standard). Over the very long term, change in valuation should net out so return from a stock is a sum of dividend + earnings growth.

While you may think stock market involves frequent trading - true returns are made from actually investing in companies over the long term. This means participating in the company's growth as it adds value to customers, employees, and shareholders. This equation breaks when any particular stakeholder is sacrificed. In China, the current problem is that employees and shareholders are sacrificed to overly benefit the customer.

I would recommend you read Poor Charlie's Almanack if you want to understand the 'proper' way of doing things.

Commodity prices stayed high in China. If the stock reflects the actual economy and things are in the shitter. They would collapse.

There's a lot of activity that is not profitable - you can use all the electricity and commodities you need but prices for your end products keep deflating - there is less money made. More stuff produced =/= better companies. Total corporate profits in 1H23 was actually down for publicly listed companies - let alone the swath of private small businesses that went bankrupt.

Nobody, absolutely nobody serious in China is calling for 'excessive profit made without production'.

Because the world is dumping dollars like never before.



8399a479-0d18-6679-17e4-5d55cc56b7b4.png

The Chinese bond market doing well is precisely an indicator of poor economic sentiment, and this isn't something you want to brag about...
 

Serb

Junior Member
Registered Member
The Chinese bond market doing well is precisely an indicator of poor economic sentiment, and this isn't something you want to brag about...


That makes no sense, higher bond returns are associated with lower interest rates, which are associated with more economic activity.

The US simply has higher interest rates, indicating the worse situation of their economy. Really bad treasury auctions during the past year.

Dumping of US Treasuries from foreign buyers. That is all a signal of their deteriorating ability to service their yearly trillions of added perma-deficit and debts.

The stock market has practically zero correlation with the real economy in China due to various reasons already explained to you many times.
 

manqiangrexue

Brigadier
And this, is precisely the goddamn problem.

There's a lot of "the foreign machine is by definition better than the Chinese machine" energy from this line of thinking.

Why is it that the US market is treated as a wealth accumulating market whereas the Chinese market is not?
Cus Chinese people are tricky LOL. My take is that too many Chinese companies open up to get-rich-quick schemes and then close after they've made their money. Also, China is a much newer market with many more emerging companies than the US, which generally has established megacorps that have long histories and can't go under; they are sure to do well on the stock market in the long term. On the other hand, China's market is newer and more dynamic. The big companies are still new compared to those in developed countries and there are new-kid-on-the-block big hit pop-ups at a much higher rate than in the US. This volatility leads to the Chinese stock market being only suitable for short gamble. If it was just a mentality, then I can certainly ask my wife to put our investments in the Chinese stock market, but it's the real danger of getting badly shorted that prevents us from doing so.
I am saying that wining and dining in NYC on caviar and lobster and 3 star restaurants is the cultural identity of what it means to be 'global elite'. Going back to my earlier point on 'calling the shots' - this is a function of Hollywood's propaganda successful at portraying the US as something it is not.
1. The view is only sustainable as long as America is seen at the most powerful and prestigious country in the world to be in. If that image fades, their allure does too.

2. You don't need to protect the USD's reserve status or even hoard a lot of USD for this; you can just go by the conversion rate to spend your money on your vacation to the US.
The US as a 'destination' of debauchery and opulent/luxurious lifestyle is attractive especially when the government takes a laisse faire attitude towards these issues. China, on the other hand, does not take so kindly to this - ask Kris Wu.
Yes, that's my point, a corrupt Chinese official's RMB assets cannot get that big before he's asking to go to jail. But with USD hidden in offshore accounts, his greed can continue to be fed. That's another corruption issue that China will have to sort out...
 

Serb

Junior Member
Registered Member
So when US rates were 0 in 2020 the US economy was on fire right? Right? RIGHT?

You can look at China's better returns on bonds and think that global investors found medium and long-term gov. bonds in China to be safer, hence China is a more financially healthy country than the US. Or a better safeguard of wealth at least. That is taking it at face value.

I'm thinking this because the article mentioned that there is high participation of foreign investors, those are not domestic investors speculating and flying from stocks to bonds. To me, it looks like it's some kind of long-term, value-based movement and not sentiment-based.


Edit: Now that I think, it doesn't matter where it's coming from in the end, to me it sounds like it is better for the real economy (Chinese model) to have more sought-after bonds than stocks. The state spends money on society, the stock gains end in some virtual net worths of the rich.
 
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ZeEa5KPul

Colonel
Registered Member
Very interesting discussion these last few pages. I find it helpful to consider the question of RMB as reserve currency from first principles. A definition that gets at the core of the issue is that a currency is a reserve currency when accumulating it becomes an end in itself. Financial institutions around the world don't accumulate USD to trade with the US, or even to trade with each other using USD, they do so because accumulating USD is the point.

There's a potent network effect here, a lot of what drives this behaviour is that others do it. This makes the network robust as it requires a simultaneous, widespread shift in behaviour to destroy it. However, the strain the network can endure is not linear. There comes a point where the network is non-viable if enough nodes - especially "influencer" nodes - leave.

Of course, the question is what's "enough" and I don't know the answer to that or even if there is a way to determine the answer.

What are the variables that influence the health of the USD reserve currency network? Perhaps controversially, I don't think US monetary profligacy is a factor. The US can spend like a drunken sailor and nobody will divest of their paper because the USD is the only candidate. When you're the only candidate, you're the only choice.

Therefore, the presence of another candidate for reserve currency alone will do much to damage the US's standing. So how does the RMB get to be a candidate? To answer that, let's put ourselves in the shoes of a central bank director in Latin America or the Middle East.

What can I buy with all this RMB? A lot, but not some very important things. I can't buy airliners with RMB. I can't buy the most advanced semiconductors and pharmaceuticals with RMB. I can't buy the most sophisticated industrial equipment with RMB.

That's just the tangibles. I can't buy protection with RMB - nuclear-powered supercarrier 014 isn't going to dock nearby any time soon. I most certainly can't buy political influence in China with RMB. I can't even park RMB in Chinese equities to get more RMB! A stock market with 70% retail investors that's fallen back to 1990s levels? No, thanks. I'd be imprisoned if I made the decision to accumulate more RMB than absolutely necessary, and rightly so.

The path forward is both clear and difficult:
  • China must continue to advance its technology on all fronts. Not just the hardware, which is already making excellent progress, but the political part of technology like standards and certifications.
  • China must continue its military buildup and extend the reach of the PLA to a global scale. There is a limit to how close countries will get to China if they don't feel China can provide them with at least some token level of security.
  • China must establish credibility in its stock markets by institutionalizing them. They must be reformed until they're no longer the back-alley gambling dens they are now. I foresee state-owned investment funds playing a big role here.
  • Most controversially, China must provide some avenue of political influence (limited and carefully monitored) where those countries who accumulate RMB are favoured over those who do not.
 
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