I have been doing some research on the debt in China. Now if we take the 122% of GDP corporate debt of Dragonomics and you add to that 30% of GDP household debt and 43% of GDP government debt that's both central as well as local then you come up with a figure close to a debt load of 200% of GDP. With other debts that are not included in this calculation China's debt to GDP ratio is well over 200%. This is the result of over investment in the infrastructure and keeping zombie companies alive that have been borrowing money that they are unable to pay back because the reason that they need to borrow is because they where loosing money in the first place. China's government and household debts are well managed but the problems are with the corporations and they are also the ones responsible for the large increase of foreign debt that China has accumulated in recent years. They are under pressure politically not to lay off staff during lean times and they are forced into taking on loans to keep operating.
China like Japan and the West is going to kick the can down the road for as long as they can. The majority of the debt in China is related to investment in infrastructure and housing. Some of these projects will generate profits immediately and other down the road but some of that investments will simply not perform no matter how long you wait. Those will be lost and the question is how much of China's current investments falls into that last category. And how much does the banks in the end have to write off. The majority of the debt is been owned by companies that can go bankrupt unlike governments and i think in the long run that's the solution.
I have been doing some research on the debt in China. Now if we take the 122% of GDP corporate debt of Dragonomics and you add to that 30% of GDP household debt and 43% of GDP government debt that's both central as well as local then you come up with a figure close to a debt load of 200% of GDP. With other debts that are not included in this calculation China's debt to GDP ratio is well over 200%. This is the result of over investment in the infrastructure and keeping zombie companies alive that have been borrowing money that they are unable to pay back because the reason that they need to borrow is because they where loosing money in the first place. China's government and household debts are well managed but the problems are with the corporations and they are also the ones responsible for the large increase of foreign debt that China has accumulated in recent years. They are under pressure politically not to lay off staff during lean times and they are forced into taking on loans to keep operating.
China like Japan and the West is going to kick the can down the road for as long as they can. The majority of the debt in China is related to investment in infrastructure and housing. Some of these projects will generate profits immediately and other down the road but some of that investments will simply not perform no matter how long you wait. Those will be lost and the question is how much of China's current investments falls into that last category. And how much does the banks in the end have to write off. The majority of the debt is been owned by companies that can go bankrupt unlike governments and i think in the long run that's the solution.
I have been doing some research on the debt in China. Now if we take the 122% of GDP corporate debt of Dragonomics and you add to that 30% of GDP household debt and 43% of GDP government debt that's both central as well as local then you come up with a figure close to a debt load of 200% of GDP. With other debts that are not included in this calculation China's debt to GDP ratio is well over 200%. This is the result of over investment in the infrastructure and keeping zombie companies alive that have been borrowing money that they are unable to pay back because the reason that they need to borrow is because they where loosing money in the first place. China's government and household debts are well managed but the problems are with the corporations and they are also the ones responsible for the large increase of foreign debt that China has accumulated in recent years. They are under pressure politically not to lay off staff during lean times and they are forced into taking on loans to keep operating.
China like Japan and the West is going to kick the can down the road for as long as they can. The majority of the debt in China is related to investment in infrastructure and housing. Some of these projects will generate profits immediately and other down the road but some of that investments will simply not perform no matter how long you wait. Those will be lost and the question is how much of China's current investments falls into that last category. And how much does the banks in the end have to write off. The majority of the debt is been owned by companies that can go bankrupt unlike governments and i think in the long run that's the solution.
Well, if you want to calculate it this way, then we should use the same standard to ALL nations on earth not just China. So if you calculate the debt for US, beside the government debt, but also include private debt and future obligations it come out to $211 trillion, not $14 trillion, not 100% of GDP, but 1400% GDP.
I'm pretty sure if you use the same calculation on Europe, India, Japan it will be FAR worse. I think since the value of currency is not backed by gold or commodity anymore that means all nations on earth are cheating with their currency and debt, they are constantly inflating and printing their currency in order to stimulate the economy and increase job growth for today, maybe they are ignore the future on purpose and short sighted, or they are all making a deliberate calculation to do so in anticipation of the weak of their currency.
But one thing for sure, if all currency are fiat valued, then it does not matter how weak your currency is, as long as other people's economy have more problem than yours, then you come out on top. The problem is that this is NOT a license to recklessly spend money, and if you go too far like Greece and maybe even US at this point putting your economy into massive debt in a very short period of time you are still going to suffer.
As for China's massive debt that was lend out for infrastructural construction, I think eventually those money will be forgiven by the bank, because bank in Western world are privately owned with private shareholders. Bank in China are government entities, their primary goal is NOT to make a profit, they are being used rather as a institution for government to administer social stability, reduce employment, reduce poverty and promote growth. If you look at this this way, you can almost say they are cheating, and yes they are, because they are not "bank" anymore. This is what happens when state capitalism is being done on a massive scale for the interest of the nation, rather than for the interest of the private party.
In the end, when trillions of RMB of loans are forgiven to the construction companies... guess what? millions of apartments and stores will be standing there for people to fill it up.
You're right the situation in America, Europe, UK and Japan is much worst than in China. China doesn't even make it in to the top 10 of the worlds most indebted nations. However we cannot ignore the problems there are in China just like America, Japan, Europe and the UK ignored their problems for too long and then it was too late.
and this from post #2901
To be sure, the era of double-digit growth in China seems to be ending just as significant new challenges appear. China is facing a rapidly aging population, in part because of its one-child policy of the past 30 years. Its labor force will peak next year at 1 billion, then it will shrink, adding huge new pressures to China’s already stressed pension system. Wage inflation, running at 20 percent a year, is proving particularly painful for lower-cost exporting industries, including textiles and toys. Corporate debt has soared after several years of investment-driven growth and looks set to reach 122 percent of GDP this year, estimates GK Dragonomics.
You're right the situation in America, Europe, UK and Japan is much worst than in China. China doesn't even make it in to the top 10 of the worlds most indebted nations. However we cannot ignore the problems there are in China just like America, Japan, Europe and the UK ignored their problems for too long and then it was too late.
here are the sources
and this from post #2901
To be sure, the era of double-digit growth in China seems to be ending just as significant new challenges appear. China is facing a rapidly aging population, in part because of its one-child policy of the past 30 years. Its labor force will peak next year at 1 billion, then it will shrink, adding huge new pressures to China’s already stressed pension system. Wage inflation, running at 20 percent a year, is proving particularly painful for lower-cost exporting industries, including textiles and toys. Corporate debt has soared after several years of investment-driven growth and looks set to reach 122 percent of GDP this year, estimates GK Dragonomics.
By the end of this year a fifth of all computers in the world will be manufactured in Chengdu, the ancient Sichuan capital of western China.
The great leap forward has come with lightning speed, and spans the gamut of hi-tech industry. The three state-telecom giants -- China Mobile, China Unicom, China Telecom -- are together spending $4.7bn to create the world's largest cloud-computing base at the city's Tianfu software park.
Country cousins they are not in Chengdu. There is no reason why they should be. The city competes with Rome for primacy as the world's oldest metropolis (Baghdad is not quite the same as Babylon), and competes with Tuscany for food.
Foreign critics have clung too long to the 1990s narrative of a booming Eastern seaboard -- the quintarchy of Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Guangzhou, some 300m people deep -- backed by a vast hinterland of ignorance, poverty, and filth.
It was never so, and is utterly wrong today as the great boom rotates West. Chengdu has been an aerospace centre since the 1950s, strategically located in the Sichuan Basin behind a ring of escarpments -- including the 25,000ft peaks of the Great Snowy Mountains, many of them still unclimbed to this day.
The 14m-strong city is now pole-vaulting up the technology ladder. Chengdu Aircraft Corporation (CAC) manufactures China's stealth fighter, the J-20 Black Eagle. Washington and Moscow were stunned when it took to the skies in 2010.
More prosaically, its aerospace industry builds nose cones for Airbus and the rudder for the 787 Dreamliner, Boeing's composite passenger jet.
Chengdu's hard-driving mayor Ge Honglin has a built a 3-D model of his city -- the size of a tennis court -- with an elaborate system of lights showing where the allocated clusters are being built. Precision machinery here, optical electronics there, automobiles off to one side, and on and on.
A kilometre-wide green belt of lakes and parks will separate the "Garden City" from the smoke stacks, to be linked to the first car-free town of 30,000 families -- designed by Chicago architects Adrian Smith and Gordon Gill as a pilot project for the nation.
The top-down planning breaches basic market principles. It should not work, yet the clusters are filling up. Chengdu is actually realizing its seemingly quixotic mantra of becoming
China's Silicon Valley, fed by 51 universities, graduating 200,000 scientists and engineers each year. These include the University of Electronic Science and Technology, said to host the cyber-espionage cell GhostNet known for cracking India's state secrets and the Dalai Lama's email archives.
The US semi-conductor group Intel built its first plant here on empty fields nine years ago, lured inland by the Chinese government's `Go West' incentives -- intended to keep mutinous migrant workers safely anchored to their regions. The sweeteners include 15pc corporation tax for a decade (instead of 25pc), with no tax on first two years of profits, and half tax on the next three years.
Intel has since shifted the bulk of its operations from Shanghai, which already has Californian wage costs in pivotal sectors. It now produces half the global supply of laptop chips from its Chengdu operations.
The big names of the computer industry have followed in a sudden migration. Dell and the China's Lenovo came in 2011. Foxconn has cranked up operations from nothing to 80,000 workers in barely two years. Last month it built 80pc of Apple's worldwide output of iPads at eight cavernous galleys outside the city.
It is why Chengdu has shrugged off this year's hard-landing in coastal China. Growth has slipped slightly to 13pc over the last nine months but is already picking up again.
Much the same story is unfolding in Chongqing on the Upper Yangtze -- two hours away by high-speed train -- where party boss Bo Xilai ruled an urban sprawl of 32m with an odd mix of Maoist patrols and market panache before he ruffled too many feathers. Chongqing grew 16.5pc last year.
It is the same too in Xi'an, the old imperial capital to the North, and in a string of cities and regions across the interior. Inner Mongolia grew 15pc, as did once sleepy Ghuizou -- home to the lakes and gorges of Guilin.
So while it is undoubtedly true that coastal China has exhausted the low-hanging fruit of catch-up growth -- and now faces the classic "deceleration trap" on the technology frontier -- the strategic depth of the hinterland changes the equation for China as a whole.
Of course, you never really know in China where the economic miracle ceases to be real and mutates into blow-off extravaganzas. Has the Communist Party rolled the dice once again on rampant over-investment and an obsolete model? Hard to tell.
Chengdu will open the world's largest building within a few weeks, the New Century Global Centre. It a huge glass pagoda, the latest Chinese adventure of British-Iraqi architect Zaha Hadid, flush from success d'estime with her intergalactic Opera House in Guangzhou -- where there is no opera.
A few hundred miles away in Mao's old haunt, this will soon be topped for sheer exuberance. The city of Changsha is about to erect the world highest building -- Sky City -- in 90 days flat. It will be finished in March. That is stimulus for you.
Yet Chengdu is currently building more space than any city in China, and probably in the world, with 30 skyscrapers above 60 floors under way, and 90 big commercial complexes.
"It is Manhattan, not Chengdu," said Zhau Yun as she looked out of her apartment window across a forest of high-construction cranes.
Mrs Zhau, who heads the British Chamber of Commerce, said the plans are significantly larger than the Pudong financial district in Shanghai. She hopes they know what they are doing.
So does Wang Yongping from China Commercial Real Estate Association, who told Caixin Magazine that Chengdu has become "a bubble".
Much the same was said about Pudong itself in the early days, of course. In 1998 Milton Friedman called it "a statist monument for a dead pharaoh on the level of the pyramids". The optimists laughed longest.
Chengdu's Ge Honglin believes that if you `build it, they will come', predicting a boom this decade that will match Shanghai's glory in the 1990s.
We all know the bearish case on China. The work-force peaks in 2015. The dependency ratio is rocketing. The supply of cheap labour from the country is drying up. There is overcapacity across swathes of industry, from steel to ship-building and solar energy. Bad debts in the banking system have yet to be revealed. Water and energy are scarce, and not yet priced to reality.
Yet we also tend to underestimate the fancy footwork of China's commissars in skipping over apparently insurmountable hurdles. If mayor Honglin is right -- and others like him across West and central China are right -- bears may have to wait another cycle or two for China-dämmerung. A hinterland boom in regions containing 700m people or more is not to be sniffed at.
I admit it: My prediction that the Communist Party would fall by 2011 was wrong. Still, I'm only off by a year.
China taking huge steps in agricultural research
By Sarina Locke
Thursday, 23/08/2012
Accounting firm KPMG says China is the world's second biggest investor in agricultural research and development, and is producing vast numbers of skilled graduates from universities.
In a report highlighting the potential for joint ventures in food production, KPMG says there are 116,000 graduates in agriculture in China a year, compared to 700 in Australia.
Doug Ferguson, the partner in charge of the China practice for KPMG, says China is very focused on improving food safety, particularly in large dairies.
"These cattle were genetically delivered through New Zealand gene technology," he said.
"They ate very high protein New Zealand designed food.
"The facilities were state of the art.
"We sometimes underestimate just how focused China is on its R and D and technology angle."