In October 2018, the United States blocked the appointment of new WTO Appellate Body members, rendering it nonfunctional. The United States blockade on appointments remains in place to this date. The US claims that the Appellate Body is unfair and it does not support US interests.
However, 22 WTO members have now created an alternative appellate mechanism designed to arbitrate WTO disputes among themselves – (the “MPIA”). In terms of their proportion of world trade, the MPIA was founded with inclusion of large entities such as the EU and China, but not the United States, Japan or Korea.
Recently, . Moreover, "Japan's membership may increase pressure on wavering [countries] like the United Kingdom and South Korea." This is big news because there is now a legal path forward for future trade disputes between Japan and China.