China's Space Program Thread II

tphuang

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Civilian Yaogan satellites can relay forest fire info to first responders within 15 seconds.

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little more on this

我们的多颗卫星现已具备在海面搜索移动目标的能力,且搜索精度可控制在10米以内。更加不可思议的是,这些卫星还具备了在轨智能处理功能,可以实时追踪并识别目标,将收集到的数据在短短60秒内传输至地面。
 

tphuang

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really good article here again

“通信是信息的传输,导航是确定位置,遥感是发现变化。系统分开,问题就出来了。”李德仁举了一个例子:海军在索马里护航,卫星拍到海盗的位置后,必须等到卫星转到中国上空,这个数据才能下载下来,再在地面进行处理解译。这时时间已经过去4到8个小时,目标早已不在那个位置了。

为解决这些问题,建设通信、导航、遥感集成的低成本星座系统成为国际上的潮流。由美国SpaceX公司推动的卫星网络星链计划旨在建立一个庞大的卫星星座,实现全球宽带互联网覆盖。
talks about how remote sensing could track somalian pirate ships, but takes too long to transmit data to China (4 to 8 hours wait for earth rotation). So building communication, navigation & remote sensing is needed to do this faster

李德仁则独辟蹊径,带领团队探索通导遥一体化天基信息实时服务系统的理论和技术——通过天地通导遥一体化、在轨实时处理和人工智能等技术,实时将处理结果传回到用户终端,改变传统的遥感卫星事后服务模式,变成实时智能服务。

“把人工智能送上天,数据在天上处理,在天上定位置,然后统一运行传到地面来。遥感卫星收到的数据通过通用卫星微处理中心运行再传输到手机,只需要1至5分钟。”他说。
Using AI & processing on remote sensing satellites, data can be transmitted to mobile end point in 1 to 5 minutes

2022年,武汉大学与山东省烟台市政府签署战略合作协议,共建“东方慧眼”智能遥感卫星星座计划,共同推进卫星遥感商业化。2023年4月,“东方慧眼”智能遥感星座一期工程正式启动。2024年2月3日,由李德仁担任首席科学家研制的“东方慧眼”高分01星成功发射,顺利实现业务化运行。

李德仁计划,到2030年,“东方慧眼”智能遥感星座发射252颗卫星,包括100颗雷达卫星、144颗高分辨率光学卫星、4颗高光谱卫星、4颗热红外卫星。这些卫星将形成一个“星网”,多角度对地遥感,实现“看得快、看得清、看得准、看得全、看得懂”的目标。

Here is the kicker, this 东方慧眼 remote sensing constellation will launch 252 satellites by 2030. Providing a full web of tracking, targeting and indentifying
 

gpt

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talks about how remote sensing could track somalian pirate ships, but takes too long to transmit data to China (4 to 8 hours wait for earth rotation). So building communication, navigation & remote sensing is needed to do this faster
They almost certainly are using the
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geostationary relay satellites (similar to NRO/USAF's
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) to relay information from low-orbit satellites (Yaogan) or satellites located on the other side of the world back to ground stations in China.

It's arguably an interesting question whether the government would consider using commercial relay satellites instead of just the CASC/CAST ones, though. US Gov seems to be going the commercial route awarding large contracts for new relay satellites, since they have a lot more commercial imaging providers (Maxar, Blacksky, Planet Labs etc) these days that require that additional support.
 

Asug

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A few years ago the Commercial Alliance was formed. But nothing more is heard of its activities. Does it still exist, what does it do, or is it still on paper? (https_://www.chinanews.com.cn/cj/2019/12-11/9031242.shtml)
 

taxiya

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They almost certainly are using the
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geostationary relay satellites (similar to NRO/USAF's
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) to relay information from low-orbit satellites (Yaogan) or satellites located on the other side of the world back to ground stations in China.

It's arguably an interesting question whether the government would consider using commercial relay satellites instead of just the CASC/CAST ones, though. US Gov seems to be going the commercial route awarding large contracts for new relay satellites, since they have a lot more commercial imaging providers (Maxar, Blacksky, Planet Labs etc) these days that require that additional support.
I guess by "commercial" you mean non-SOE entities? It is a meaningless question before there is any "commericial" options to begin with. For the moment and a long time to come there is no "commercial" entity in China that has or will have the competence to make such satellites. BTW, many of the state entities making sattelites are not part of CASC/(who is CAST?), especialy the observatory and communication sat.

Once again as I have been saying about space industry on rocket, using US as a reference to deduce what China may do is far off. US never had real SOE to begin with. What USG did now is NOT much different from many decades ago, the only change is that in the past private companies made things on the government order/contract, today private companies make things more on their own initiativies, the government then buy them as off-shelf. The competence is always in the hands of private companies in US.

In China's case, you can replace "private" with SOE, then you get the perfect picture. If nothing essential changed in US, why do you think there is a need to change? For example, Jilin satellite constellation is developed by Changchun Institute of Optic and Mechanics, part of CAS, but it operates the service as a company. Is this company "commercial"? If so, then the Chinese government is already using "commercial" products. The new constalletion now is also a product of SOE (Wuhan university and Yantai city government), but they call themselves "commercial".

So I advise everyone here to drop the distinction of SOE and "commercial company", it isn't a meaningful distinction in China's space market, everyone is company.
 
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taxiya

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It is good to have multiple suppliers/backup constellations, but for the record, in-orbit identification and downlink communication has been done by Jilin-1 in early 2019, then followed by 2nd gen "GPU based AI" sat half year later.

The early 2019 test was in-orbit detection and identification of moving ship off Japan in 3 minutes.
 

by78

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More on the failure of i-Space (a.k.a Space Honor, Interstellar Glory, StarCraft Glory, Interstellar Glory Space Technology, Interplanetary Glory, Interplanetary Glory Space Technology, etc., etc., etc.) Hyperbola-1 launch failure. The fault has been traced to the 4th and final stage, which encountered an anomaly during launch.

Like I said before, this company needs to spend less time coming up with stupid names for itself and more time on quality control. The company has accumulated almost as many launch failures as it has names.

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