Here's a Nature article breaking down the casualty risks from falling rocket bodies by country. 41% of the total casualty risk is from US rockets while China is tied with Europe at 17% each.
a, Number of rocket bodies with perigee of <600 km and associated global casualty expectation for spacefaring states with large contributions (Europe treated as a single unit). b, Pie chart of the proportion of the total global casualty expectation contributed by each state. c, Standard casualty expectation as a function of orbital inclination for reentry of a single object and the 2020 global population. d, Casualty expectation of rocket bodies currently in orbit by latitude and 2020 population density. Casualty expectation is the number of casualties per square metre of casualty area as described in ref. . Casualty area, which is the total area over which debris could cause a casualty for a given reentry, is not modelled. In all panels, only rocket bodies with perigees at or below 600 km are included, on the basis of the satellite catalogue as of 5 May 2022. This approximates the population of long-lived abandoned rocket bodies that might reasonably be expected to deorbit.
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