China's Space Program News Thread

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Strangelove

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China to send six taikonauts in two batches to its space station in 2022: chief designer of manned space program

By Global Times Published: Mar 04, 2022 02:46 PM

China successfully launches Shenzhou-13 manned spacecraft Photo:Deng Xiaoci/GT

China successfully launches Shenzhou-13 manned spacecraft Photo: Deng Xiaoci/GT
China will send another six taikonauts in two batches to China's space station this year and they will meet in orbit and spend about one week together during a rotation, Zhou Jianping, chief designer of China's manned space program, said during an interview of "Members' Passage" on the sidelines of the fifth session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) on Friday.

After nearly 140 days in orbit, the Shenzhou-13 taikonauts are in excellent condition and will return to Earth in April, Zhou said, noting that it is expected to draw a conclusion to the technology verification period of China's space station building.

In addition, the Shenzhou-12 taikonauts, who returned to Earth in September 2021, will soon return to work and training, according to Zhou.

"We will launch two experimental modules, two manned spacecraft, two cargo spacecraft and send another six taikonauts to the Chinese space station this year," Zhou said, noting that China will enter the construction phase of the space station project in May.

Shenzhou-14 and Shenzhou-15 crewmembers will meet in orbit and spend about one week in space together during their rotation, Zhou said.

The Chinese space station, when finished, will consist of three modules, two manned spacecraft and one cargo spacecraft, with a total weight of nearly 100 tons. It will be loaded with a large number of advanced experimental equipment, including space life and biological science equipment, materials science equipment, combustion science and microgravity fluid physics equipment, and basic physics equipment, according to Zhou.

The three taikonauts onboard the Shenzhou-13 spaceship entered the country's space station core module, Tianhe, in October 2021.
 

Ex0

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The satellites provide 5G LEO internet with a capacity of up to 40 Gbps (of peak data rate).
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China successfully launched seven satellites on Saturday from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in southwest China's Sichuan Province.

The satellites – one remote sensing satellite and six low-Earth-orbit (LEO) broadband communication satellites – were sent into orbit atop a Long March-2C carrier rocket Saturday at 2.01 pm.

The LEO broadband communication satellites, each weighing 190 kilograms, were mass-produced by China's private satellite developer GalaxySpace. These satellites will be part of a testing network of satellite internet, nicknamed "Mini-spider Constellation," the company said.

Together with the company's first satellite of its kind that was put into orbit two years ago, the seven satellites built a testing network to provide uninterrupted low-orbit satellite broadband communication services for more than 30 minutes at a time, becoming a major experimenting platform for China's satellite internet constructions.

"Today's launch proved that China has the capability to build satellite internet constellation at large scale, which includes the ability to mass-produce satellites at low cost as well as to operate in network," the company's co-founder Chang Ming told CGTN.

GalaxySpace's low-Earth-orbit broadband communication satellites. /GalaxySpace

"This will promote the development of the technology for integrating remote sensing and low-orbit communication satellites for commercial use," he said.

Compared to the first satellites, the newly launched batch weights lighter and are loaded with more advanced tele-communication technologies and remote sensors. They were also produced with higher cost efficiency on a much simplified production streamline, the company said.
They look pretty big. So they aren't "microsatellites", like the ones India launches and is proud of launching high number? What are the main differences in capabilities and the pros vs cons in launching more smaller ones vs less bigger ones?

I remember china said they were going to also create a mega constellation to rival starlink. I assume these 6+1 constellation is already finished and not going to be part of the mega constellation which would have thousands? Am I right to assume that the thousands are all micro satellites, and each satellite is like 10-20 KG rather than like 200kg each? What size are space X? And has china given any details on the satellites it will use for mega constellation and when they will launch and complete the project? And its also for worldwide internet access and not for surveillance? Couldn't they also use it for surveillance and have like 24/7 coverage of the whole earth? Or would they need bigger satellites and would be too expensive to do such a thing?

Imo china cannot fall behind space X and usa in this tech/race, china needs state program to develop and catch up/overtake space X in reusable rocket tech, and not just leave it to private sector with grants etc. China should be doing both.. private and public.

Also, what is the world record for most number of satellites launched in one launch? Both micro and macro? Or it doesn't really matter and the main issue is how powerful the engines are and how much weight it can send to orbit? Ie India is just showing off when in reality it can't send much total weight at all and china/usa/Russia could blow India away with their heavy lift rockets if they wanted to?

Sorry for all the noob questions but seems like it would be easier for me to ask some experts who have already done their homework rather than googling everything myself. Thanks.
 

Blitzo

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Question to the floor:

Does anyone know why the LEO payload for the single stack rocket seems is lower than Falcon 9 in both the expended (18t vs 22t) and reusable (14 vs 15.6t) configurations?

Considering that in both the first and second stages of the new rocket seem to have higher thrust than Falcon 9..

YF-100K having 1231kN of thrust at sea level and having 7 of them in the single stack CZ-5DY first stage (8.6 MN total for first stage at sea level), and 2 of them in second stage..

.. And Merlin having 854kN of thrust at sea level and having 9 of them in the F9's first stage (7.7MN total for first stage at sea level), and 1 in second stage.



That is all especially odd because the three core CZ-5DY has a LEO payload of 70t (presumably fully expendable), which is larger than that of the Falcon Heavy's LEO fully expendable payload of 63.8t, which actually makes sense.

E-CWTLmWQAkHCK4.jpeg
 

lcloo

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Question to the floor:

Does anyone know why the LEO payload for the single stack rocket seems is lower than Falcon 9 in both the expended (18t vs 22t) and reusable (14 vs 15.6t) configurations?

Considering that in both the first and second stages of the new rocket seem to have higher thrust than Falcon 9..

YF-100K having 1231kN of thrust at sea level and having 7 of them in the single stack CZ-5DY first stage (8.6 MN total for first stage at sea level), and 2 of them in second stage..

.. And Merlin having 854kN of thrust at sea level and having 9 of them in the F9's first stage (7.7MN total for first stage at sea level), and 1 in second stage.



That is all especially odd because the three core CZ-5DY has a LEO payload of 70t (presumably fully expendable), which is larger than that of the Falcon Heavy's LEO fully expendable payload of 63.8t, which actually makes sense.

View attachment 84657
Probably due to location of launch site. The nearer to equator the more payload and less fuel can be launched with the same rocket.

0 0 1 sp.jpg
 

Blitzo

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Probably due to location of launch site. The nearer to equator the more payload and less fuel can be launched with the same rocket.

View attachment 84658

That does make sense, but it doesn't explain why the three core CZ-5DY still has a greater expendable LEO payload than Falcon Heavy -- even though the single core CZ-5DY has lower LEO payload than Falcon 9.

You would intuitively assume that the single core CZ-5DY would correspondingly have a greater LEO payload than Falcon 9.
 

Jason_

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Question to the floor:

Does anyone know why the LEO payload for the single stack rocket seems is lower than Falcon 9 in both the expended (18t vs 22t) and reusable (14 vs 15.6t) configurations?

Considering that in both the first and second stages of the new rocket seem to have higher thrust than Falcon 9..

YF-100K having 1231kN of thrust at sea level and having 7 of them in the single stack CZ-5DY first stage (8.6 MN total for first stage at sea level), and 2 of them in second stage..

.. And Merlin having 854kN of thrust at sea level and having 9 of them in the F9's first stage (7.7MN total for first stage at sea level), and 1 in second stage.



That is all especially odd because the three core CZ-5DY has a LEO payload of 70t (presumably fully expendable), which is larger than that of the Falcon Heavy's LEO fully expendable payload of 63.8t, which actually makes sense.

View attachment 84657
For rockets, it's not about thrust but more about specific impulse (Isp).
The CZ-5DY has a hydrolox upper stage, which has much better Isp than the keralox Merlin/YF-100, thus greater payload.
 
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