Can someone explain to me the lifting capabilities differences between the LM-7, 7A, 8 and 8 Y2? How do they compare to each other? And is any of the 8s fulfilling the same role as any of the 7s?
8 and 8 Y2 are the same type rocket.
The 'Y' represent '遥' meaning 'remote sensing and control task'. So CZ-8 Y2 means the second CZ-8 launching task.
There is a new -8R variant with reusable stages under developing.
Both CZ-7 / 7A are successors of the CZ-2/3/4 series rocket, propelled by Kerosene / LOx fuel engines instead of the old N2O4 / UDMH fuel engines.
CZ-7 is LEO / SSO payload optimized 2.5 stages rocket with a optional YZ-1A upper stage.
CZ-7A is GTO payload optimized three-stage rocket with a cryogenic LH2/LOx third stage.