But from what USAF said, a broadband all aspect stealth plane/6th gen supposedly only needs to be able to use AAMs in order to be a game changer in air superiority, even if the airframe itself has utter dogshit aerodymamics. And I'm actually inclined to believe them on that point at least.
US doctrine developers came to the idea that a future small/medium aircraft lineup should consist of two platforms: Penetrating Counter Air (PCA) and Penetrating Long Range Strike (PLRS).
If following the law of similar goals causing similar looking solutions and assuming China also came to the same doctrinal solution, then it is clear that J-36 is defintely not the PCA element and rather the PLRS element.
But I'd absolutely not say it makes it incompetent in air to air, in fact strike can also include striking the enemy AWACS and tankers.
Doctrinally, I don't think there is a Chinese requirement for "Penetrating"
The US is operating with the geographical reality that China has many more airbases (150+ in mainland China) and tactical aircraft (2000) available in the Western Pacific. In comparison, the US realistically has access to about 10 airbases in Japan and 1 in Guam. Then there's a few mobile airbases in the form of aircraft carriers, plus a few more scattered, distant bases in Alaska, Hawaii and Australia.
So the US side faces the problem of being at a very large disadvantage in terms of numbers and can't suppress enough Chinese airbases.
Hence the US requirement
Penetrating Counter Air (PCA) and
Penetrating Long Range Strike (PLRS).
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In comparison,
The Chinese have a significant advantage in the number of aircraft available in the Western Pacific. And because there are so few airbases available to the US, the Chinese can aim for outright air superiority and taking out all opposing airbases in the Western Pacific. Also note that all the potential US airbases are on small isolated islands in the Western Pacific that can be subjected to an air-sea blockade. I would even include the Japanese Home Islands in this category.
1. In terms of air-superiority munitions, the standard AAM is the dual-pulse PL-15 with a listed range of up to 200km. So there is no need for a Chinese fighter aircraft to ever overfly a hostile landmass to shoot down an opposing aircraft.
2. In terms of land-attack munitions, it looks like every conceivable land target in the Western Pacific can be reached by low-cost glide bombs with a 100km range. So again, there is no need for Chinese aircraft to overfly a hostile landmass.
Also note that all of the First Island Chain lies at most 1300km from mainland Chinese territory. That is within range of Tomahawk-class cruise missiles and large numbers of low-cost piston-engine cruise missiles launched from trucks on mainland China. And as they say, the best time to shoot down an aircraft is when it is on the ground.
In the Second Island Chain, if we have J-36s conducting air superiority missions and conducting daily attacks on Guam, then the airbase won't be functional and Guam itself would be under blockade.
Anyway, back on topic