You're right. In particular, the ASW and nuclear submarine parts are still subpar and with a lot of gaps, partly also because of the secrecy around them.
But, here is the thing. PLAN's future is no longer something we can only find in a vision document or vision it in our imagination. It is literally taking shape in front of our eyes.
They already have refurbished/built two carriers. The third one, a completely indigenous 80k tons class flattop with EMALS, is under construction. The carrier-borne KJ-600 AWACS is under development; a stealth carrier fighter is to take the first flight in 2021. All the pieces for a modern carrier fleet are falling into place. No one seriously argues against that a nuclear-powered carrier will be forthcoming.
The pieces for ARGs are also taking shape, including 071 LPD, 075 LHD, 726 LCAC, navalized Z-10, Z-20, Z-18, Z-18L. They're not all in place or in the right quantities, but we've already seen them all in various stages.
The submarine portion is further behind, but we know they're coming even though they're shrouded in secrecy. We've seen the large-scale construction facility in Bohai shippyard. 095, 096, JL-3 are all under development.
The surface combatants are most visible: 054A/052D/055. Two Type-901 fast fleet supply ships are either in service or launched.
It'll probably take another decade or so before we see a complete and truly modern blue-water PLAN emerges. But we can already see the contours of the picture and there are no major barriers. Just a matter of time.