00X/004 future nuclear CATOBAR carrier thread

vincent

Grumpy Old Man
Staff member
Moderator - World Affairs
Compare and contrast to CV construction (post-war supercarriers only):

Name: Laid/Launched/Commissioned. Duration.


NameLaidLaunchedCommissionedDuration (Laid-Commission)
Forrestal14 July 195211 December 19541 October 19553 years, 2 months
Saratoga16 December 19528 October 195514 April 19563 years, 3 months
Ranger2 August 195429 September 195610 August 19573 years
Independence1 July 19556 June 195810 January 19593 years, 5 months
Kitty Hawk27 December 195621 May 196029 April 19614 years, 4 months
Constellation14 September 19578 October 196027 October 19614 years, 1 month
America9 January 19611 February 196423 January 19654 years
JFK22 October 196427 May 19677 September 19683 years, 11 months

It is obvious that CVs are built much faster (~50%-100% decrease in build time) than CVNs.

They're also much easier to mass produce: Forrestal, Saratoga, Ranger and Independence were all laid before the others were finished. The same is true for Kitty Hawk and Constellation. On the other hand, Nimitz CVNs were all built sequentially because only 1 drydock could handle building them.

The 3-4 year period between laying down and launching means at minimum, the current US CBG fleet is 40 years of embedded work, while the 1960's US fleet was only 10 years of embedded work despite having 8 modern CVs and 1 CVN in the modern part of the fleet and 3 surviving WW2 era fleet carriers (Midway class)

Therefore, if there is a high probability of a high intensity conflict between 2027-2035, CVNs should be researched but not emphasized. Instead at least 4 more CVs should be built at the same time, reminiscent of the US buildout in the 50's and 60's.
Maintenance period is much shorter for conventional carrier and can be delayed if necessary. They can be put back into service fairly quickly when they are in maintenance as well. Readiness rate is higher too.
 
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charles18

Junior Member
Registered Member
How wide do you think the unrefueled combat radius of US' F/A-XX and China's CV-based 6th-gen J-XY would eventually become?

Certainly won't be from Shanghai to San Francisco, or from Los Angeles to Guangzhou - Right?
I don't expect to see a fighter jet with a combat radius equal to the width of the Pacific Ocean anytime within my lifetime.
but...
Is it possible between now and the next 20 years we'll see "Super Drones / Super Bombers" that:
1) weigh as much as a B-52 bomber
2) shaped like a B-2 stealth bomber
3) has an un-refueled combat radius equal to the distance between San Francisco and Shanghai
sure why not?
This is actually a very conservative engineering prediction since All the technologies that are necessary to build such an aircraft already exists Today. It is simply a matter of putting it all together.
I think carriers will play a less important military role in the future.

The present-day J-20 has an unrefueled combat radius of ~2000 kilometers. TBH, I don't really expect 6th-gen fighters to have more than double or triple that of the J-20. Because, otherwise, the US and China might as well just procure B-21s and H-20s only.
Maybe the future of Air power does not lie in building super fast maneuverable aircraft but instead slow moving long endurance aircraft with hypersonic missiles. We don't know which weapon system is going to underperform and which one will change the world as we know it. So I think the safest bet is to just build everything and we'll find out when WW3 happens.
 

VESSEL

Junior Member
Registered Member
You said "There will be at least six 19-class CVNs". Where did you get this number from?? How do you know after Fujian CV 18, CV 19 would be CVN??? What time frame you are talking about for future CVNs??
Some R&D personnel treat aircraft carriers as their children and use birth order as their nickname according to Chinese tradition. CV-18 is the third child, and CVN is the fourth child.
 

ACuriousPLAFan

Brigadier
Registered Member
(The 800th post here. Woohoo!)
Compare and contrast to CV construction (post-war supercarriers only):

Name: Laid/Launched/Commissioned. Duration.


NameLaidLaunchedCommissionedDuration (Laid-Commission)
Forrestal14 July 195211 December 19541 October 19553 years, 2 months
Saratoga16 December 19528 October 195514 April 19563 years, 3 months
Ranger2 August 195429 September 195610 August 19573 years
Independence1 July 19556 June 195810 January 19593 years, 5 months
Kitty Hawk27 December 195621 May 196029 April 19614 years, 4 months
Constellation14 September 19578 October 196027 October 19614 years, 1 month
America9 January 19611 February 196423 January 19654 years
JFK22 October 196427 May 19677 September 19683 years, 11 months

It is obvious that CVs are built much faster (~50%-100% decrease in build time) than CVNs.

They're also much easier to mass produce: Forrestal, Saratoga, Ranger and Independence were all laid before the others were finished. The same is true for Kitty Hawk and Constellation. On the other hand, Nimitz CVNs were all built sequentially because only 1 drydock could handle building them.

The 3-4 year period between laying down and launching means at minimum, the current US CBG fleet is 40 years of embedded work, while the 1960's US fleet was only 10 years of embedded work despite having 8 modern CVs and 1 CVN in the modern part of the fleet and 3 surviving WW2 era fleet carriers (Midway class)

Therefore, if there is a high probability of a high intensity conflict between 2027-2035, CVNs should be researched but not emphasized. Instead at least 4 more CVs should be built at the same time, reminiscent of the US buildout in the 50's and 60's.
Maintenance period is much shorter for conventional carrier and can be delayed if necessary. They can be put back into service fairly quickly when they are in maintenance as well. Readiness rate is higher too.

While the anticipation of China building several carriers at once in light of recent geopolitical developments, there is one important factor which I believe should be factored in - Crew Resources.

The thing is - While using the Forrestal-class as template of how China could've proceeded with their carrier program after CV-18 Fujian based on how more than one CVs can be built at the same time versus only one Nimitz-class can be built at any one time (and therefore, must be built sequentially) is certainly a good guide - The Forrestals were constructed in the 1950s.

The 1950s is - For sake of perspective - Within 10 to 15 years of the end of WW2.

By September 1945 (i.e. when WW2 formally ended in the Pacific), the US Navy had around 19 fleet carriers (CV), 8 light carriers (CVL), and 100+ escort carriers (CVE) in active service.

Needless to say, that huge fleet of flat-decks required a massive pool of sailors and officers to operate. From that pool of sailors and officers, there was a huge portion of the pool that got freed from their posts and duties as those CVEs and CVLs were rapidly decommissioned in the months and years immediately following the conclusion of WW2. This meant that if the US wants to build, say, 10 or 20 United States and/or Forrestal-classes of supercarriers in the 1950s, the amount of manpower required to fill up the posts on those supercarriers were pretty much readily available from the get-go.

In contrast, China basically had to start from scratch with Liaoning in the late-2000s and early-2010s. The PLAN didn't have a massive pool of sailors and officers from previous carriers to pull from, since there were none to begin with. Even with the 2nd carrier Shandong in active service since 2019, China still doesn't have a large enough carrier fleet to train and familiarize the necessary size of the pool of sailors and officers that would be operating on newer Chinese CVs and CVNs into the future.

Then, there're also tens of thousands designers, engineers, shipyard workers, naval base workers, etc etc required to design, construct, host, maintain, repair and refuel those CVs. Let alone the other type of warships and all the land-based facilities and infrastructures required for a larger CV fleet.

This constitutes as one of the major factors on why China hasn't embarked on a massive CV construction spree, even today. While I believe that we will see a surge of CV construction eventually, just that the surge isn't likely to be seen today, and likely not going to be the case for the foreseeable future until the late-2020s at the earliest.
 
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sunnymaxi

Major
Registered Member
Then, there're also tens of thousands designers, engineers, shipyard workers, naval base workers, etc etc required to design, construct, host, maintain, repair and refuel those CVs. Let alone the other type of warships and all the land-based facilities and infrastructures required for a larger CV fleet.

This constitutes as one of the major factors on why China hasn't embarked on a massive CV construction spree, even today. While I believe that we will see a surge of CV construction eventually, just that the surge isn't likely to be seen today, and likely not going to be the case for the foreseeable future until the late-2020s at the earliest.
right now. Chinese shipbuilding industry have enough R&D base , engineers ,trained work force to embark the mission of building multiple super carriers. once type 003 satisfy PLAN you will see the speed.
 

ACuriousPLAFan

Brigadier
Registered Member
Experience is also a priceless asset. China now has thousands of flight hours of experience in naval aviation from aircraft carriers over a period of many years.
Postscript: Commanders and instructors need this experience; it does not need to be accumulated at full staffing levels. Perhaps a tenth of the size of the Chinese carrier weapon planned later is enough to provide it.
right now. Chinese shipbuilding industry have enough R&D base , engineers ,trained work force to embark the mission of building multiple super carriers. once type 003 satisfy PLAN you will see the speed.
Yes, I agree.

But, building them is one thing. Operating and maintaining them is another.

Here's the golden question - If, say, the Chinese CV construction spree is to start tomorrow, and that 5-7 new CATOBAR CVs (not including CV-18 Fujian) will enter service with the PLAN by December 2029/2030 - Will there be sufficient pool of officers, sailors and land-based personnel readily available to meet those 5-7 carriers by that deadline?
 
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gelgoog

Lieutenant General
Registered Member
The staff training requirement is another reason why I think they should have built two conventional CATOBAR carriers instead of just one.

I would not be surprised if the hypothetical Type 004 nuclear CATOBAR class ends up being a single ship class as well. As any ship which is the first in its class it is likely to have issues with technology and integration. I think the serial production type will thus be some sort of Type 004A type.
 
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