Looking to a simple cost analysis here (further links in the analysis):
The Great Text Wall of SDF.
www.sinodefenceforum.com
CATOBAR CV has historically proven to be extremely cost effective with similar sortie rates and is even more cost effective than a STOBAR, so a conventional 004 is indeed advisable.
What are your thoughts about the CV-19 with those problems solved and improved, taking lessons from the 076?
1. Type 076 style gas turbine IEP
2. Type 076 style dual island for overall smaller footprint with minor (~5 m) flight deck length extension
3. port side 3rd elevator
Many of the techs that are on the 076 were immature when the 003 was being conceptualized in the early 2010's, while the Type 076 had benefits from technologies developed in the last 5-10 years. It seems to me like the 003 was built to minimize risks from anything other than the catapults, while a 004 could be more ambitious.
With the current development in mind:
To be on the safer side, I'd say it depends on whether the CV-19 is a one-off ship, meant to be a (half-)sister ship of Fujian (i.e. the PLAN will go for the full CVN-lineup route after CV-19); or whether the PLAN decides to go for a dual conventional-nuclear route for their future carrier fleet.
If the former route is true, then I'm not really expecting significant departures from Fujian regarding the CV-19's propulsion system beyond necessary improvements on whatever shortcomings they discover on Fujian's COSAS propulsion system. The other modifications and improvements to be anticipated on the CV-19 over Fujian have been explained before.
But if the latter route is true - Then the 076 LHD and Queen Elizabeth CV can be referenced. However, it also depends on how big, how heavy and what roles does the PLAN want their conventionally-powered CV to have in their fleets, of course.
China now has the CGT30-M and CGT40-M gas turbine engines, both of which should be ready for warship-based applications in the coming years (particularly for the future major surface combatants). There's also the 7MW-class and ~10MW-class marine diesel engines that are already in use (054B FFG) and soon to be ready for use (076 LHD?).
Personally, though - Instead of a 90000-ton to 100000-ton supercarrier, I'd prefer a medium-sized CV (let's just call it CVM) that has the full-load displacement roughly in the ballpark of the 076 LHD (~40000 tons). The CVM should be complementary to the larger, supercarrier-sized CVNs, and be more focused in the U(C)AV department. In this context, the CVM should be focusing more in the reconnaissance, early-warning and ASW roles, plus supporting the supercarrier CVNs in high-intensity combat against the main echelons of the enemy naval/land-based forces (i.e. something akin to the light/escort CVs of WW2).
For such case, a twin island design, an angled flight deck, two slightly-shorter EMCATs, an EMAGS and two elevator decks should be good to go for the CVM, as well as a COG(L)AG propulsion system with 2x CGT40-M + 2x CGT25/30-M gas turbine engines should be sufficient for the CVM with a top speed of ~30 knots.
(The proposed propulsion system takes reference from the Izumo DDHs, of course)
But then, again - I'm not working for the PLAN. Only the PLAN knows best on what they really want.