[A large-scale anti-Indian immigration wave is rapidly spreading in many US and European countries!] In recent years, from the US and Europe to the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and Japan, and then to Australia and New Zealand, the Indian government has been promoting a global labor export strategy with unprecedented力度 (intensity/effort). Currently, India has signed 28 Migrant and Mobility Partnership Agreements (MMPAs) or equivalent arrangements with 26 countries, and the Indian Ministry of External Affairs stated that similar negotiations are still ongoing.
At the same time, as Indian immigrants flood into various parts of the world, an anti-Indian immigration wave is rapidly spreading in the populist soil of the US, Europe, and other countries.
"Labor diplomacy" may bring political costs to India .
A recent report published by CNBC focused on the contradictions between the Indian immigration wave and Western societies, pointing out that the Modi government is exporting labor to Western countries that are opposed to immigration through inter-state agreements. This strategy is in sharp opposition to the rising anti-immigrant sentiment in those countries. This "labor diplomacy" strategy implemented by the Indian government may be bringing unexpected political costs to New Delhi.
First, remittances have become an important pillar of the Indian economy. According to World Bank data, India is the world's largest recipient of remittances, with remittances reaching $129 billion in 2024, almost double that of Mexico ($68 billion), and far exceeding China ($48 billion), the Philippines ($40 billion), and Pakistan ($33 billion). In the 2024-2025 fiscal year, India's merchandise trade deficit reached $287 billion, with remittances offsetting nearly half of this deficit. Without the large influx of remittances, India's current account deficit would be even larger. Remittances now account for approximately 3% of India's GDP, becoming a significant source of government revenue. More noteworthy is the structural change in the sources of remittances. The United States, the United Kingdom, and Singapore collectively contribute 45% of India's remittances, while the share of the Gulf Cooperation Council countries continues to decline. This structural shift indicates that India's reliance on exporting highly skilled immigrants is deepening, which is the fundamental driving force behind the Indian government's global push for agreements on the export of skilled workers and labor.
Secondly, New Delhi hopes to alleviate domestic employment pressure through labor export. India has one of the world's largest working-age populations, with approximately 12 million new jobs created annually. Although India claims to have the world's fastest economic growth, its growth rate and industrial structure cannot provide enough non-agricultural jobs, resulting in a very acute employment problem. Youth unemployment is particularly severe. The Indian government manages the "expectations of a growing working-age population" by placing skilled and semi-skilled workers in overseas markets. However, in reality, many more Indians are migrating overseas illegally. These individuals are often not from the poorest strata, but rather those who, due to insufficient education or English proficiency, struggle to obtain tourist or student visas. They resort to agencies charging up to $100,000 to circumvent border controls and emigrate through complex routes.
Furthermore, this increased overseas migration reflects the expansionist tendencies of Hindu nationalism. India has a huge population base and a relatively small land area, making it one of the most densely populated countries in the world. According to foreign media reports, the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and its parent organization, the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), both harbor territorial ambitions, not only promoting the so-called "Greater Bharatanatyam" concept for expansion in neighboring regions but also for global expansion, particularly targeting developed countries with low birth rates. This means using immigration to change the demographic structure of host countries, spreading Indian religion and culture to the world, and becoming a "world mentor." Since the Modi government came to power, Indian overseas migration has exhibited a distinctly organized characteristic. This organization has become even more pronounced in the last two years, with labor mobility agreements becoming standard practice in bilateral agreements signed by India, from Germany and Israel to Russia, Finland, and the European Union.