Diagram 1 is an example that illustrates author's point about reduction of drag through relaxing stability. The point holds regardless of flight condition as long as flight is in equilibrium. Sustained turn is in equilibrium just as level flight is. High-aspect ratio wing provides good loitering range because of higher lift-to-drag ratio as compared to higher swept wing, so loitering range is addressed by addressing lift-to-drag ratio.
My argument was about what it means regarding requirements. Similarly, selecting the lowest-AR option in section 5 shows how little priority was accorded to subsonic loiter and because high aspect ratio confers a much better L/D-ratio at subsonic speed than a highly swept wing, VG wings are an extremely effective way of providing good endurance in a supersonic aircraft. That (modern) fighters don't have them is a reflection of their requirements giving greater importance other things, not of vortex lift being better for loiter.
As for relaxed stability, VG wings and relaxed stability aren't mutually exclusive. Hell, the F-14 actually implements an early "poor man's relaxed stability" with its glove vanes (although the lack of a FBW system for artificial stabilization means it's never genuinely unstable - use and benefit are limited to supersonic flight).
Also, how DSI is designed has no bearing on whether DSI is better/worse as compared to variable geometry inlet.
Knowing it allows you to be aware of what its advantages and drawbacks are. For example that pressure recovery is unremarkable, so if your application calls for very good pressure recovery over a wide range of Mach numbers, you're therefore better off with a variable geometry intake. It also enables you to have a realistic notion of the resources it takes to implement a DSI design and judge whether claims that it's somehow too challenging for Russia are credible - which they are not.
Yes, we have. China and US both consciously choose DSI means variable geometry inlet is not better at meeting those requirements.
I would agree with that. The variable inlet is obviously better suited to the requirements of the Su-57, however.
Russian didn't have a choice, and they were not stupid to go with a technology which they have not test flown themselves.
You mean in the same way as they didn't test fly a variable caret intake before, or LEVCONs, or an aircraft with such a high degree of yaw instability? Or in the same way as China hadn't test flown a DSI themselves before they first used it on the JF-17? Come on.