I wonder how that AESA can work with that IIR Seeker ahead of it ?. It will create aperture blockage and contributes to increased amount of sidelobe and therefore reduction of antenna gain and resolution. Also potential EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) Issue as the IIR Seeker will be exposed to the radar seeker's emmission, which might disrupt the IIR's electronics.
This is an introduction to the working principle of the common-aperture Cassegrain composite antenna mentioned in the article.
That is to say, the engineering difficulties you mentioned have been considered during the design.
In order to simultaneously improve the detection distance of optics and radar, that is, to simultaneously increase the aperture and the radar antenna aperture under the condition of a certain projectile diameter and eliminate the competition between the two, it is necessary to use the common-aperture composite antenna technology to solve this problem. The common-aperture composite antenna technology adopts the Cassegrain refractive optical system solution. The Cassegrain optical system is used. The infrared signal is reflected by the primary and secondary reflectors and converges at the focal point of the center. Therefore, it is only necessary to open the aperture of the radar antenna to transmit the infrared signal collected by the reflective surface, so that the aperture of the radar and infrared are fully utilized. In other words, not only the aperture is increased, but also the area of the hole in the center of the radar antenna is reduced, which is more conducive to the radar antenna to obtain high gain and low side lobes.
The actual test results are:
Complete radar antenna gain 30.5dB side lobe -18dB
Composite antenna with infrared seeker gain 28.5dB side lobe -16dB
The performance is reduced, but it is sufficient to meet the requirements of use