vesicles
Colonel
We mentioned the environment as an American advantage previously, but China's advantage in language and culture is also extremely powerful. It's probably not hard to imagine that to many scientists who grew up in China, the American academic culture would be very difficult to get used to. Given comparable offers from both Chinese and American institutions, the "comforts of home" might tip the balance quite a bit!
Absolutely! The comfort of home is a huge factor. People I've spoken with often mention language as a big obstacle for them to stay in the US. Especially in academia, being able to write and speak English is a must. You need to be able to speak to a big audience on a regular basis at seminars, meetings and conferences. And writing grants and papers... Many of my Chinese colleagues simply lack the confidence to do any of it. I once asked my Chinese postdoc to write a fellowship application. He kept saying no because he's worried about his English. I told him that he needed to practice. finally, I was like "no more mr. nice guy... You will write that application or find another lab..." And many PIs who have Chinese students and postdocs complain about their Chinese associates not willing to write and speak... This is a huge issue in academia. I am sure they will feel much more comfortable once they go back home and be able to speak Chinese again.