News on China's scientific and technological development.

antwerpery

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A Chinese state-owned company has reported a breakthrough in the mass production of almost 100 per cent pure graphite.
The feat is expected to consolidate China’s global leadership in producing the strategic material seen as a vital weapon in the country’s hi-tech war with the West.

Science and Technology Daily reported on Tuesday that China Electronics Technology Group Corporation (CETC) had developed its own horizontal purification equipment for low-cost, high-purity graphite production on an industrial scale.


High-purity graphite, with carbon content exceeding 99.99 per cent, is known for its excellent self-lubrication, electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, high-temperature stability and outstanding chemical stability.

It is widely used in sectors such as nuclear energy, semiconductors and aerospace.

“Our newly developed equipment has successfully refined graphite powder from purity of 99.93 per cent to over 99.99995 per cent,” CETC general manager Xie Yongqiang said in the report.

“This purity is close to the theoretical limit, with impurities reduced to virtually negligible levels.”
 

antwerpery

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Correct me if I'm wrong, but I'm hearing rumors that some major upcoming scientific projects like the CFER or CEPC didn't get their funding approved in the latest major funding rounds for this kinds of projects, meaning that they are basically quietly cancelled or put on hold indefinitely. This is just a rumor, but from what I can tell, both projects don't actually have official approval yet, despite them being massive projects that need to have construction started on soon if they want to be finished before the late 2030s. So there might be a grain of truth to this. Anyone have any concrete info?
 

SanWenYu

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Chinese scientists from Wuhan University created a sponge from processed crawfish shells and cotton fibres to remove microplastics in water. In tests, this sponge was reused for 5 times and each time it removed 95% of microplastics from sea water and fresh water out of lakes, pools and irrigation systems.

Crawfish is a favourite food of many Chinese. A lot of shells are dumped as kitchen waste every year. For many, there is now a good reason to eat more crawfishes.

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中新网武汉12月5日电 (记者 马芙蓉)武汉大学资源与环境科学学院教授邓红兵带领团队,研制一种新型全生物质纤维海绵。结果显示,该材料在灌溉水、湖水、海水、池塘水四种水体中的5次循环去除微塑料率均高于95%。相关成果于近日发表于国际期刊《科学进展》。

微塑料一般指直径小于5毫米的塑料颗粒,广泛存在于海洋、淡水、饮用水和空气中,对人类健康和自然环境构成潜在威胁。

邓红兵近6年来持续开展微塑料去除研究。前期,团队发现将废弃小龙虾壳通过酸碱处理,可以获得甲壳素纤维骨架材料,不仅能够有效捕获微塑料,且不会对水体产生二次污染。据此,团队深入攻关,构建了一种纯甲壳素海绵,对微塑料展现出良好的吸附能力。

如何更进一步提升微塑料去除能力?在前期工作基础上,团队进一步引入棉纤维素,构建了甲壳素纳米纤维网络和棉花来源的纤维素微纤维互穿的多级纤维框架结构,并研制出一种新型全生物质纤维海绵。

邓红兵介绍,该材料可以通过物理拦截、静电吸引和多种分子间相互作用等方式去除微塑料,且在无机颗粒、重金属、有机污染物和微生物等环境因素影响下,仍可保持稳定吸附性。未来,可广泛应用于净水器滤芯、大规模自来水纯净装置、污水处理厂等场景。

“我们认为大量制作这种海绵的可行性很高,因为除了原料简单外,材料制作所需的仪器,如冷冻干燥机和机械搅拌器也是常见的。”论文第一作者、武汉大学博士后吴洋介绍,团队实验室现在每周大约可以生产1平方米的海绵。

邓红兵指出,微塑料具有颗粒小、比表面积大等特点,使其对持久性有机污染物、重金属和抗生素等有较强的吸附富集能力,从而成为污染物的载体。下一步,团队将针对微塑料复合污染物的去除开展重点研究。
 

supercat

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Robotic emergency endoscopic surgery:
Zheng Ying, a professor at Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, successfully completed the remote operation from a distance of 2,000 kilometers. The procedure took 105 minutes and was subject to a two-way network delay of only about 40 milliseconds.
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Chinese researchers have achieved a major breakthrough in orthopedic treatment with a new implant material designed to accelerate bone healing and minimize infections. This innovation could revolutionize the way bone diseases are treated, the Science and Technology Daily reported on Wednesday.
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sunnymaxi

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CEPC didn't get their funding approved in the latest major funding rounds for this kinds of projects, meaning that they are basically quietly cancelled or put on hold indefinitely. This is just a rumor, but from what I can tell, both projects don't actually have official approval yet, despite them being massive projects that need to have construction started on soon if they want to be finished before the late 2030s. So there might be a grain of truth to this. Anyone have any concrete info?
project has been approved. official announcement is pending.

Team aims to start construction of its Circular Electron-Positron Collider (CEPC) in 2027, aligning with the country's 15th five-year plan, according to a recently unveiled design report on the project.

In the next step, the scientists will proceed with the engineering design and integrate the completed components, according to Wang. "We have completed the construction of a single prototype

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SanWenYu

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Scientists from China and Russia created a composite material that can maintain mechanical properties in low ambient temperature at -150℃.

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俄罗斯国家研究型技术大学与中国矿业大学(北京)科学家,研究出一种在极寒条件下(-150℃)仍能保持机械性能的新型复合化合物。

研究团队此次在金属和金属玻璃化合物的基础上开发出一种层状复合材料。这种材料在极低温度下不会发生脆性断裂。

新材料在受到冲击时也不会碎裂成许多碎片,这与晶态和非晶态金属合金边界上的特殊瞬变过程有关。在这一边界出现裂纹会导致裂纹尖端前的原子跃迁,从而引起材料强烈的局部加温。加温后的金属更具可塑性,会改变断裂性,抑制裂纹扩展。这使得样本在低温条件下仍能保持强度。

正在研发的这种以晶态金属和金属玻璃为基础的复合材料易于获取,而且很容易加工改造。其制造技术基于不同成分材料的传统焊接。团队从理论和实验上已确定了在各成分良好“关联”的条件下金属玻璃不会产生结晶的有效温度。

未来,团队计划改进这种复合材料的制造技术。他们还将改善其成分,以提高低温条件下的机械强度和抗辐射能力。

团队认为这项成果可用于制造在低温或超低温条件下运行的机器部件和结构,在航天、低温工业和极地领域拥有广阔的应用前景。
 
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