News on China's scientific and technological development.
- Thread starter Quickie
- Start date
Quickie
Colonel
Yes, it should be a mistake. The power-to-weight(mass) ratio should have units of Watt/Kg. That is a very amateur mistake from a link with that title.
With a total investment of 1.25 billion yuan, Kunlun Precision Laser Extreme Manufacturing Project settled in Suzhou
Recently, Jiangsu Kunlun Precision Laser Extreme Manufacturing Project signed a contract and settled in Suzhou High-tech Zone. It will lay out an industrialization base around laser extreme manufacturing technology and equipment, adding new impetus to building a first-class photonics industry cluster.
Laser extreme manufacturing uses advanced laser precision processing technology and technology to manufacture products or systems with extremely high precision, extremely small size, or extreme environmental requirements. It is concentrated in micro manufacturing, ultra-precision manufacturing, etc., and represents technological innovation in the photonics industry. and the top level of advanced manufacturing.
The Jiangsu Kunlun Precision Laser Extreme Manufacturing Project settled this time has a total investment of approximately 1.25 billion yuan. It focuses on laser extreme manufacturing equipment, key components, laser extreme manufacturing services and related products. It has a very broad market in many key industries such as industrial motherboards. Prospects, and help solve a number of major national strategic needs and industrial technology frontier "stuck" problems, thereby achieving a "win-win" of social and economic benefits.
The person in charge of Jiangsu Kunlun Precision Laser Extreme Manufacturing Project expressed his gratitude to Suzhou and Suzhou High-tech Zone for their support and help in the implementation of the project. He said that Suzhou has a solid industrial foundation, broad market space and first-class business environment. Kunlun Precision will give full play to its advantages in talent, technology, and innovative resources, focus on cutting-edge fields, strengthen key core technology research, and continue to carry out pioneering work in the field of laser extreme manufacturing technology.
Shanghai Institute of Optics and Mechanics has made progress for the first time in the control and shaping of EUV and soft X -ray focusing light field arrays
Recently, Zhang Junyong's team from the High Power Laser Physics Joint Laboratory of Shanghai Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Professor Zhao Yongpeng's research group from Harbin Institute of Technology completed the array control and shaping of EUV and soft x -ray focused light fields for the first time, solving the problem of extreme ultraviolet and The problem of limited components in diffraction imaging and interference sensing in the x- ray band. The relevant results were published in Scientific Reports under the title " Free light‑shape focusing in extreme‑ultraviolet radiation with self‑evolutionary photon sieves" .
Since Roentgen discovered x -rays, highly coherent short-wave light sources and high-performance short-wave focusing elements have been the two major bottlenecks limiting the development of x -ray science. Synchrotron radiation and free electron lasers are concentrated in soft x- ray and hard x- ray bands, while discharge plasma lasers cover extreme ultraviolet and part of soft x -ray bands. As the problem of highly coherent short-wave light sources is alleviated, focus control devices for EUV and X -rays are more urgently needed. The material shows strong absorption in the EUV and soft X -ray bands, and strong penetration in the hard X -ray band. Fresnel zone plates are currently the only available transmission focusing elements. Shanghai Institute of Optics and Mechanics is one of the earliest units in China engaged in the design and application of Greek ladder photon sieves, Fermat spiral photon sieves, etc. can meet the technical needs of short-wave diffraction imaging and interference sensing.
Compared with zone plates with a limited number of rings, millions or billions of small holes provide nearly unlimited design freedom for the emergence of functional photonic sieves. The joint team used optimization algorithms to design a self-evolving photon sieve, achieving Focused light field array control and shaping in the EUV band. In the experiment, the 46.9nm laser irradiation photon sieve was optimized from the discharge plasma laser 69.8nm , 46.9nm and 13.5nm , the focused light field was recorded with photoresist, and the data was read by the atomic force microscope, and multiple groups of structured light spots focused on hundreds of nanometers were successfully obtained. , the results are consistent with the theoretically calculated diffraction-limit focusing. The realization of EUV and X -ray array control and shaping has expanded new development space for short-wave structural lithography, living biological cell imaging in the water window segment, laser plasma interference diagnosis, X -ray microscopy and coherent diffraction imaging.
Recently, Zhang Junyong's team from the High Power Laser Physics Joint Laboratory of Shanghai Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Professor Zhao Yongpeng's research group from Harbin Institute of Technology completed the array control and shaping of EUV and soft x -ray focused light fields for the first time, solving the problem of extreme ultraviolet and The problem of limited components in diffraction imaging and interference sensing in the x- ray band. The relevant results were published in Scientific Reports under the title " Free light‑shape focusing in extreme‑ultraviolet radiation with self‑evolutionary photon sieves" .
Since Roentgen discovered x -rays, highly coherent short-wave light sources and high-performance short-wave focusing elements have been the two major bottlenecks limiting the development of x -ray science. Synchrotron radiation and free electron lasers are concentrated in soft x- ray and hard x- ray bands, while discharge plasma lasers cover extreme ultraviolet and part of soft x -ray bands. As the problem of highly coherent short-wave light sources is alleviated, focus control devices for EUV and X -rays are more urgently needed. The material shows strong absorption in the EUV and soft X -ray bands, and strong penetration in the hard X -ray band. Fresnel zone plates are currently the only available transmission focusing elements. Shanghai Institute of Optics and Mechanics is one of the earliest units in China engaged in the design and application of Greek ladder photon sieves, Fermat spiral photon sieves, etc. can meet the technical needs of short-wave diffraction imaging and interference sensing.
Compared with zone plates with a limited number of rings, millions or billions of small holes provide nearly unlimited design freedom for the emergence of functional photonic sieves. The joint team used optimization algorithms to design a self-evolving photon sieve, achieving Focused light field array control and shaping in the EUV band. In the experiment, the 46.9nm laser irradiation photon sieve was optimized from the discharge plasma laser 69.8nm , 46.9nm and 13.5nm , the focused light field was recorded with photoresist, and the data was read by the atomic force microscope, and multiple groups of structured light spots focused on hundreds of nanometers were successfully obtained. , the results are consistent with the theoretically calculated diffraction-limit focusing. The realization of EUV and X -ray array control and shaping has expanded new development space for short-wave structural lithography, living biological cell imaging in the water window segment, laser plasma interference diagnosis, X -ray microscopy and coherent diffraction imaging.
Edit: Actually, replacing might be taking things a bit too far. It's better to have both sieves and mirrors along the light path to increase numerical aperture. This really opens up the design space for high NA EUV scanners.
Last edited:
Would the addition of photon sieves address the issues currently faced by high NA EUV? I suppose how they could do so as well, if it's not too much to ask.
Ningbo institute of Material is very underrated... another big breakthrough
on February 7, based on official news from The Paper and Ningbo Institute of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, recently, the advanced nano-optoelectronic materials and devices team of Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences took the lead in developing efficient and stable calcium titanium with world-leading performance. Mineral light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have fundamentally clarified the root cause of the instability of perovskite materials, solved the operational stability problem that has plagued perovskite light-emitting diodes since their birth , and paved the way for the development of perovskite materials in the field of luminescent displays. Industrialization points the way.
It is reported that compared with existing organic light-emitting diode (OLED) technology, perovskite light-emitting diodes have a narrower luminescence spectrum and better color purity , which can meet the requirements of the next-generation high-definition display technology Rec.2020 international standard, greatly Improve your audience’s viewing experience.
For a long time, the main obstacle to the practical application of perovskite light-emitting diodes has been low operating stability, and people's current understanding of the fundamental sources of instability in perovskite materials is still very limited . Although significant progress has been made in its efficiency, the above problems still hinder its further improvement in performance and commercialization.
According to the Ningbo Institute of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the institute's Advanced Nano-Optoelectronic Materials and Devices team started from luminescent display and based on the key scientific issue of the source of instability of perovskite materials, and finally determined the thinner nanosheets inside the perovskite. Like structure (only one or two layers of lead ions) is the key source of induced instability in perovskites .
The team creatively developed a "solvent sieving" method to achieve precise screening of nanosheets of different thicknesses , effectively remove the thin nanosheet phase, and greatly improve the stability and luminescence performance of the final perovskite material.
Finally, after removing the thin nanosheets through the "solvent sieving" method, the perovskite material showed amazing stability. Not only could it maintain its luminescence performance in humid air for more than 100 days, the prepared perovskite light-emitting diode also showed Under normal use conditions (100 cd/m2 brightness ), the operating life exceeds 50,000 hours (5.7 years), which is nearly 30 times higher than before treatment , and the luminous efficiency reaches 29.5%.
Ningbo Institute of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a new type of perovskite light-emitting diode: world-leading performance, with operating life increased by nearly 30 times..
on February 7, based on official news from The Paper and Ningbo Institute of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, recently, the advanced nano-optoelectronic materials and devices team of Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences took the lead in developing efficient and stable calcium titanium with world-leading performance. Mineral light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have fundamentally clarified the root cause of the instability of perovskite materials, solved the operational stability problem that has plagued perovskite light-emitting diodes since their birth , and paved the way for the development of perovskite materials in the field of luminescent displays. Industrialization points the way.
It is reported that compared with existing organic light-emitting diode (OLED) technology, perovskite light-emitting diodes have a narrower luminescence spectrum and better color purity , which can meet the requirements of the next-generation high-definition display technology Rec.2020 international standard, greatly Improve your audience’s viewing experience.
For a long time, the main obstacle to the practical application of perovskite light-emitting diodes has been low operating stability, and people's current understanding of the fundamental sources of instability in perovskite materials is still very limited . Although significant progress has been made in its efficiency, the above problems still hinder its further improvement in performance and commercialization.
According to the Ningbo Institute of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the institute's Advanced Nano-Optoelectronic Materials and Devices team started from luminescent display and based on the key scientific issue of the source of instability of perovskite materials, and finally determined the thinner nanosheets inside the perovskite. Like structure (only one or two layers of lead ions) is the key source of induced instability in perovskites .
The team creatively developed a "solvent sieving" method to achieve precise screening of nanosheets of different thicknesses , effectively remove the thin nanosheet phase, and greatly improve the stability and luminescence performance of the final perovskite material.
Finally, after removing the thin nanosheets through the "solvent sieving" method, the perovskite material showed amazing stability. Not only could it maintain its luminescence performance in humid air for more than 100 days, the prepared perovskite light-emitting diode also showed Under normal use conditions (100 cd/m2 brightness ), the operating life exceeds 50,000 hours (5.7 years), which is nearly 30 times higher than before treatment , and the luminous efficiency reaches 29.5%.
supercat
Major
A Chinese team made a breakthrough in battery technology by developing a prototype of a type of wearable Calcium-Oxygen battery.
The research paper was published on Nature.
The research paper was published on Nature.
Completion of China's 5th Antarctic research station 'Qinling', which also marks four decades of Chinese presence on the continent.
Assembly took merely 2 months to complete. The newest station is capable of accommodating 80 personnel in summer and 30 in winter -
Assembly took merely 2 months to complete. The newest station is capable of accommodating 80 personnel in summer and 30 in winter -
This is very serious breakthrough. will be game changer.
Paper also published in NATURE index..
The breakthrough, which resolves a two-decade-old debate in physics, could be a milestone towards the practical use of superconductivity.
The team from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) observed and quantified a phenomenon called a “pairing pseudogap” within a model gas, an “energy gap” possessed by some materials with superfluid or superconductive properties that had previously not been visualised.
The pseudogap could help explain why some materials can lose electrical resistance at high temperatures, which could be key to mastering the practical use of superconductivity.
The feat was made possible after the team developed a quantum simulation system that relied on high-quality gas, along with a measurement system described to have “unprecedented” stability by a peer reviewer.
The team used high-quality unitary fermi gas made from lithium-dysprosium – a model with superfluid properties – to confirm the pairing pseudogap for the first time.
The platform developed by the USTC scientists holds promise for future quantum simulation research, the university said in a post on Chinese social media platform WeChat.
Their feat, which could also help to understand the mechanisms behind high-temperature superconducting, was outlined in a paper published in the journal Nature on Wednesday.
A peer reviewer described the findings as “remarkable and exciting.”
A fermi gas is a model made up of many non-interacting fermions – particles including electrons, protons and neutrons. They can be used to make quantum simulation models of “many-body systems”, containing many interacting particles.
Unitary fermi gases make ideal simulation platforms, as the interactions between the fermi atoms is strong, and they exhibit high controllability, according to Micius Salon, a news platform hosted by USTC.
Ultracold fermi gases are able to exhibit superfluidity at very low temperatures, similar to materials that exhibit superconductivity.
When a superconducting material is cooled, its electrons are believed to group together in pairs. Breaking apart these pairs to cease superconducting takes energy.
The existence of two states of energy where a material is either superconducting or not means there is a gap between the ground state and excited state of the electrons called the energy gap, according to Micius Salon.
In conventional superconductors, the energy gap exists below the phase transition temperature, which is when a material transitions to superconducting.
However, in high-temperature superconductors, an energy gap is still observed above the transition temperature, which is called the “pseudogap”, Micius Salon said.
This pseudogap in high-temperature superconductors could not be explained by the accepted theory behind how conventional superconductors work, according to USTC.
Within high-temperature superconductors made of copper oxides, studying this gap is complicated due to the material properties, so the researchers used ultracold fermi gases with superfluidity instead, according to the paper.
Scientists who study ultracold atoms have debated and sought to observe a pairing pseudogap for nearly two decades, according to the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the country’s top research institute.
The study established the existence of a pairing pseudogap for the first time” within ultracold fermi gas, and the feat is a “step forward in using quantum simulations to solve important physical problems”, the USTC said in their WeChat post on Thursday.
The team’s findings “lend support for the role of preformed pairing as precursor to superfluidity,” according to the paper.
Their feat also lends support to the theory that the pseudogap observed within high-temperature superconductors is also the result of electron pairing rather than quantum order phases, according to the USTC.
Understanding the mechanisms behind this would be “a huge theoretical breakthrough” which could allow us to uncover the “key to practical superconductivity”, Micius Salon said on Thursday.
The research team had been working on the project for years, and had two major issues to resolve to make their most recent feat possible, the USTC post said.
The first was the development of a uniformly dense, high quality fermi gas. It took the team years to develop a method to prepare the gas for their simulation platform.
The second challenge was developing a stabiliser for large magnetic fields, which allowed them to implement a novel microwave spectroscopy scheme with high magnetic field stability, USTC said, referring to a technology that allowed them to analyse atoms.
Understanding why and how pseudogaps occur within high-temperature superconductors is important for furthering our understanding of the mechanisms behind how it works, according to CAS.
The team’s finding chimed with the coming Year of the dragon, CAS said, as it could be compared to the Chinese myth of “Carp Leaping Over a Dragon Gate”.
The illustration accompanying the paper’s release on USTC’s WeChat handle also alluded to the myth. It depicts two carps leaping together, each clasping a jade bead in its mouth, in a representation of the electron-pairing phenomenon.
Paper also published in NATURE index..
Quantum breakthrough: Chinese scientists settle 20-year physics debate with new simulator
- USTC researchers use powerful quantum simulator relying on high-quality gas to visualise phenomenon that could uncover superconductor mechanisms
- Platform holds promise for future quantum simulation research, university says in WeChat post on findings published in Nature
The breakthrough, which resolves a two-decade-old debate in physics, could be a milestone towards the practical use of superconductivity.
The team from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) observed and quantified a phenomenon called a “pairing pseudogap” within a model gas, an “energy gap” possessed by some materials with superfluid or superconductive properties that had previously not been visualised.
The pseudogap could help explain why some materials can lose electrical resistance at high temperatures, which could be key to mastering the practical use of superconductivity.
The feat was made possible after the team developed a quantum simulation system that relied on high-quality gas, along with a measurement system described to have “unprecedented” stability by a peer reviewer.
The team used high-quality unitary fermi gas made from lithium-dysprosium – a model with superfluid properties – to confirm the pairing pseudogap for the first time.
The platform developed by the USTC scientists holds promise for future quantum simulation research, the university said in a post on Chinese social media platform WeChat.
Their feat, which could also help to understand the mechanisms behind high-temperature superconducting, was outlined in a paper published in the journal Nature on Wednesday.
A peer reviewer described the findings as “remarkable and exciting.”
A fermi gas is a model made up of many non-interacting fermions – particles including electrons, protons and neutrons. They can be used to make quantum simulation models of “many-body systems”, containing many interacting particles.
Unitary fermi gases make ideal simulation platforms, as the interactions between the fermi atoms is strong, and they exhibit high controllability, according to Micius Salon, a news platform hosted by USTC.
Ultracold fermi gases are able to exhibit superfluidity at very low temperatures, similar to materials that exhibit superconductivity.
When a superconducting material is cooled, its electrons are believed to group together in pairs. Breaking apart these pairs to cease superconducting takes energy.
The existence of two states of energy where a material is either superconducting or not means there is a gap between the ground state and excited state of the electrons called the energy gap, according to Micius Salon.
In conventional superconductors, the energy gap exists below the phase transition temperature, which is when a material transitions to superconducting.
However, in high-temperature superconductors, an energy gap is still observed above the transition temperature, which is called the “pseudogap”, Micius Salon said.
This pseudogap in high-temperature superconductors could not be explained by the accepted theory behind how conventional superconductors work, according to USTC.
Within high-temperature superconductors made of copper oxides, studying this gap is complicated due to the material properties, so the researchers used ultracold fermi gases with superfluidity instead, according to the paper.
Scientists who study ultracold atoms have debated and sought to observe a pairing pseudogap for nearly two decades, according to the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the country’s top research institute.
The study established the existence of a pairing pseudogap for the first time” within ultracold fermi gas, and the feat is a “step forward in using quantum simulations to solve important physical problems”, the USTC said in their WeChat post on Thursday.
The team’s findings “lend support for the role of preformed pairing as precursor to superfluidity,” according to the paper.
Their feat also lends support to the theory that the pseudogap observed within high-temperature superconductors is also the result of electron pairing rather than quantum order phases, according to the USTC.
Understanding the mechanisms behind this would be “a huge theoretical breakthrough” which could allow us to uncover the “key to practical superconductivity”, Micius Salon said on Thursday.
The research team had been working on the project for years, and had two major issues to resolve to make their most recent feat possible, the USTC post said.
The first was the development of a uniformly dense, high quality fermi gas. It took the team years to develop a method to prepare the gas for their simulation platform.
The second challenge was developing a stabiliser for large magnetic fields, which allowed them to implement a novel microwave spectroscopy scheme with high magnetic field stability, USTC said, referring to a technology that allowed them to analyse atoms.
Understanding why and how pseudogaps occur within high-temperature superconductors is important for furthering our understanding of the mechanisms behind how it works, according to CAS.
The team’s finding chimed with the coming Year of the dragon, CAS said, as it could be compared to the Chinese myth of “Carp Leaping Over a Dragon Gate”.
The illustration accompanying the paper’s release on USTC’s WeChat handle also alluded to the myth. It depicts two carps leaping together, each clasping a jade bead in its mouth, in a representation of the electron-pairing phenomenon.