It's is also an internal struggle because people are struggling especially after covid hit the country, foreign corporations are controlling large parts of the oil and gas industry, same applies to minerals. Communist and socialist parties are banned (!) workers unions are oppressed and a forced de-Russification effort is going on especially after converting Kazakh language writing to the latin alphabet. Despite 10% of population being Russian and of the many Kazakhi tribes that have Cyrillic writing for their native languages. The situation is complex
Like I said or have expressed on a couple of my posts. NGO's that are in the county have done a stupendous job in cultivating the counter narrative that created the environment ripe enough for people to be aggrieved and cause this strife. Coupled that with the sheer lunacy and corruption of the preceding and succeeding government and you have created the perfect molotov that have ignited the volatie situation in Kazakhstan.
NGO's must all be rooted out because I can think of no other country where an NGO who's sole and mission objectives most often than not countermanned and works opposite every countries sovereign objectives. They do nothing but sow and create decisions. The freedom and democratization are just buzzwords created to ensure that American and western corporations can come in untouched, with unfettered access to the countries minerals and resources.
The entire west then collectively rewards the sell outs, the Quislings, the Benedict Arnold's, the Hanjians/Wang Jingweis, with Human rights awards, Nobel Peace Prize, honorary doctorates from prestigious western universities, not to mention providing these surrender apes with board seats, concert tickets, sports etc...ensuring their kids will reap the rewards by being accepted in their universities etc..
The appeal to sell out one's country is very strong and intoxicating. The Americans and the west have mastered the psychological weaknesses of people regardless of your race or ethnicity. We all deep down at our core desire the almost the same things. Money, power, sex, fame, recognition, influence.
The Chinese maybe able to churn out gazillion of STEM students more than the collective west but China is easily beaten asymmetrically by the collective west through it's mass graduates of Liberal Arts that dabble in propaganda, psychological warfare students of the SJW variety, the right wing libertarian nut jobs etc..can all coaxed any Chinese individuals that have their own overriding ambitions unhindered by their love of country. With a pop of 1.4 Billion there bound to have a sizable defectors and that's just a given.