plawolf
Lieutenant General
Your calculations of dividing export value by GDP per capita unfortunately does not approximate the number of Chinese that will be impacted. You are not accounting for the cost of inputs, particularly raw materials. Essentially you are assuming that if an export oriented factory closes down, then all of its upstream suppliers will have to close down as well, which does not match with reality.
Let me go back to the factory I brought up earlier in my example. With annual exports to the US of Y600M ($82M), your calculations would imply that 6370 people would be impacted if that factory had to shut down. In reality, the factory employs about 800 employees total. Out of the $82M in export sales, the factory pays for about $47M for inputs. Out of those inputs, 72% are price-inelastic goods that would be sold at that price regardless of whether or not this particular factory purchases them. In fact, 45% of the inputs are actually imported - so in the case of the factory closing down, these goods would simply no longer need to be imported. Of course, these numbers can deviate significantly based on the particular goods produced, but should still suffice to illustrate how your calculation would grossly overestimate the number of Chinese impacted.
Rather than looking at the gross export value, you need to consider the actual value-add contributed by Chinese factories.
For many goods, there are already foreign bidders lined up. There would not be much time needed at all. In many cases US buyers are offering only 2.5-5% higher prices than the next highest (non-US) bidder.
You are exactly right that it’s a total nonsense to divide total exports (gross revenue) by average wage to calculate number of workers who are dependent on that exports.
The exact number will vary wildly between manufacturers and industry, but labour costs are usually only around 15% of revenue for small scale (low capital investment and margins) manufacturing, and will typically drop the more capital intensive the manufacturing becomes.
However, we should also not underestimate the potential impact because export substitutions can only account for so much.
At the end of the day, America consumes a disproportionately massive amount of the world’s resources. If there is a systemic crash and reset of the world trading order, much of that buying power and consumption will simply disappear, and that net reduction in demand and consumption will have a noticeable negative impact on China as well as the world.