fighter jxx from submarine??

Those were probably the Japanese Carrier Subs. But they did not launch planes in that manner. They surfaced close to their target, opened a water-tight blast-door and would launch the planes off of a catapault before surfacing again.

Firing a Plane from under the water like that would be too much for both pilot and plane. Blasting through the surface of the water would probably break the plane apart, and a verticle launch like that would put great stress on the pilot. I am not sure about sudden changes in pressure, as I assume the cockpit would be pressurized. Then there is also the impracticality of having such an expensive aircraft only used once.

I doubt you can even fit a modern aircraft in a sub. Foldable wings went Do-Do Birded, And SwingWing is too heavy and impractical.

You can't surface launch and recover it. There are no more sea fighters today. No need to have it take off on the bow, but the sub's acoustics would be that of a double base.

You can probably launch a small UAV like the Harpy or convert a Tomahawk into one.(I am talking of launching it through a torpedo tube in today's manner of launching a regular Harpoon/Tomahawk) But there is still the problem of recovery.

If you have the UAV The wings'd ripe off during recovery if you dive any faster than .....5 knots? (Given that the sub does not surface.) And where would you fit the recovery chamber?