It shouldn't be too much trouble for Samsung/SMIC/TSMC to set up a fab using only Chinese equipment (get the SMEE 28nm lithographic machine, and other equipment from the likes of NAURA and AMEC). Would probably take a while to adjust.
Indeed, it's very likely the tech industry will split into two supply chains, one for the US, one for China, with the rest of the world getting from either one. The Chinese one doesn't have to be Chinese equipment-only. It can have non-US equipment, in fact, US suppliers can also be part of that supply chain as long as they are certified to be EAR-free.