The primary goal of the mission is proving the Long March 5B for launching 20-metric-ton modules of China’s space station to low Earth orbit.
The prototype
will carry extra propellant. This will provide a better analogue to the space station modules in terms of mass. It will also allow testing in a higher orbit.
The two-module, 8.8-meter-long, 21.6-ton spacecraft will use its own propulsion to raise its orbit to an apogee of around 8,000 kilometers. The subsequent high-speed reentry will test new heat shielding.
Avionics, performance in orbit, parachute deployment, a cushioned airbag landing, recovery will be tested. Planned partial reusability—by replacing the heat shielding—will also be trialed.
The as-yet-unnamed spacecraft will be capable of carrying up to six astronauts, or three astronauts and 500 kilograms of cargo. The Shenzhou can carry three astronauts to LEO and has been used for all six of the country’s crewed missions.