If the sub hit a natural feature, the captain would have been relieved of duty. The fact that he has not been relieved suggest the USN didn’t think it hit a natural underwater feature.
My current theory is that the sub hit either a Chinese underwater platform, or it hit the mooring chain of a floating platform, with the latter much more likely
China has been deploying a lot of them, especially the floating ones, so it’s possible the USN failed to map them quickly enough and the sub hit one that wasn’t on its charts.
That would be easy and quick to validate, hence why the captain was not relieved as it was not his fault.
These floating platforms are chained to heavy foundations on the sea floor, so running into one at speed is no joke. But the chains do have some give, which may be why there weren’t more serious casualties on the seawolf.
The chain would have dug deep into the sonar dome, and the sub’s momentum would easily have ripped the whole thing off as it caught on the chain.
The most interesting part of the damaged seawolf I want to see are the dive plains. As if my theory is correct, I would expect to see some damage to one of the dive plains as well. That could also explain why the sub was forced to surface, as a damaged dive plain would significantly impair its ability to travel underwater.