When it comes to thrust to weight ratios and kinetics, the F-15 is still competitive with anything with the rest of the world. Its the aerodynamics that's not. Starting from the F-16 and above, aircraft started to use either LERX or canards to form vortice layers during maneuvering at angles of attack. These vortices stabilize the aircraft, improve lift, allowing turns to go tighter and higher angles of attack is reached. It started appearing in the F-16, though the F-5 also uses it to a smaller degree, but it would take the MiG-29, the Su-27 and the F-18 Hornet family to truly master the phenomena. The next stage is a "variable" LERX which is what the canards also do with the various delta-canards, as well as the presence of such like in the Su-30MKI. A stage further is to use the entire plane's outline with an edge to manage these vortices. That's why when you look at the F-22 and the F-35, there is a kind of edge that goes all over the entire plane.
Although the F-15 sort of gloves in the area around the wing root, its not a true LERX, and the plane does not exploit the vortice phenomenon as well as other aircraft does. It has a hybrid FCS that's both electronic and mechanical, but its not true digital FBW like in other modern jets. For that matter, the F-15 also has a stable airframe, does not have relaxed stability (as in inherently pitch unstable) like in the F-16, which improves on maneuverability but requires digital FBW to manage.
Contrary to what people expect with the advancement of BVRAAMs, maneuverability remains crucial because it is what you need to set up the aircraft for the most optimal position to give the missile the best possible chances. Speed and height are also important, which the F-15 has in spades, but pointability is not in the same area as let's say, the F-18 Hornet.