By Prasun K. Sengupta
China
State-owned China Shipbuilding Industry Corp (CSIC) has begun fabricating the first Type 071 landing platform dock (LPD) and Type 81 helicopter landing deck (LHD) at its shipyards located at Dalian , Shanghai and Wuhan .
Both these vessel types were designed since 1995 by the PLA Navy's Shanghai Research Institute with help from Navantia of Spain. Present plans call for Dalian Shipyard to build six LPDs and Wuhan Shipyard to build three LHDs.
Smaller work packages are being executed by the state-owned China State Shipbuilding Corp's (CSSC) Hudong-Zhonghua Shipbuilding Group Co Ltd and Jiangnan Shipyard.
The Type 071 LPD will have an overall length of 150 metres, waterline length of 140 metres, moulded beam width of 30 metres, waterline breadth of 24.5 metres, moulded depth of 20 metres, draught of 5.9 metres, full displacement of 14,000 tonnes, cruising speeds of up to 20 Knots, range of 6,000nm at 18 Knots, endurance of 60 days, a crew complement comprising 30 officers and 145 other ranks, a helicopter deck housing two medium-lift helicopters, a four-metre wide 308-lane metre vehicle garage, a flight deck measuring 50 metres by 30 metres, 450 square-metre hospital deck, a hangar measuring 18.5 metres by 23 metres by 8 metres, and a dry dock measuring 40.4 metres by 15.4 metres by 8 metres.
The LPD will operate continuously for a minimum of 140 weeks between refits, and each refit period will not exceed 50 weeks. The vessel will be capable of transporting 800 fully equipped troops along with related tracked/wheeled vehicles, or six medium-lift helicopters and assault hovercraft in times of conflict for a period of 14 days. Alternatively, the vessel will carry 400 troops, a 50-tonne main battle tank, one hovercraft, four LCMs, four LCVPs, and up to four medium-lift helicopters. For the PLA Navy, CSIC plans to finish construction of the first Type 071 LPD within 45 months of contract signature.
For export customers CSIC will take three months to complete initial design work, followed by six months of technical design activity, eight months for construction design, seven months for construction preparation, 12 months for hull construction and installation of machinery, a one-month period for launching the vessel, five months for vessel outfitting alongside in the shipyard, two months of harbour and sea trials, and less than a month for finalising the delivery process.
The LPD's integrated CODAD propulsion, controlled by an automated propulsion control system, will comprise twin MTU 20V956TB92 diesel engines each rated at 8,840hp (6.5mW) and twin gas turbines procured from Ukraine 's Zorya Mashproekt Scientific & Production Enterprise.
The on-board weapon systems suite will include twin seven-barrel 30mm Type 730 CIWS aft of the funnels and above the helicopter deck facing portside and starboard, twin 12.7mm and 30mm guns, plus a total of 24 vertically-launched HHQ-9 medium-range, semi-active radar-guided SAMs (built by China State Precision Machinery Import-Export Corp) carried in and launched from four six-cell vertical launchers. The LPD will also be equipped with a water-cooled active phased-array multi-role radar (with four antennae) co-developed by the Leihua Electronic Technology Research Institute (LETRI, or 607 th Institute), Nanjing Research Institute of Electronic Technology (also known as NRIET, or the 14 th Institute), and Ukraine 's Kvant-Radiolokatsiya company.
The vessel's bridge will be equipped with an integrated platform management system while the combat information centre, to be supplied by the state-owned China Electronics Trading Corp International (CETC), will be located behind the bridge in a hardened citadel and will be configured to also function as a joint operations command-and-control station, deck and aviation control centre, and a vehicles and troop movements control centre.