Yes, it is fundamentally a more advanced technology which allows for faster development of vaccines, faster iteration of vaccines and better delivery.
An mRNA vaccine would cost significantly more to produce. $20 per dose versus $3 for Astrazeneca
mRNA vaccines also need to be kept frozen, so cost a lot more to transport.
It also costs more to administer because the vaccine is less robust and due to the extra time need to plan and administer.
Yes, an mRNA vaccine can be modified and put into production sooner, but we're only looking at a 2month difference.
If we look at the annual flu vaccine, they pick the most likely strains for the upcoming winter season and then the production schedules are set. Note that the flu virus mutates much faster than COVID. We can also expect that COVID will become endemic and will just become part of the annual flu season in the future. So a 2 month advantage with an mRNA vaccine doesn't really make much difference.
So based on all this, I reckon the majority of future COVID vaccinations will not be mRNA vaccines.
Here is a study published on the scientific journal Nature in 2018 where the mRNA technology was deemed more advanced to other technologies and it started development on vaccines for cancer and other diseases.
Now after the whole covid situation and the massively successful development of the vaccine from BioNTech, the pharmaceutical companies are stepping up funding on treatments based on this technology. And let me say it again that the rest of the world is now subsiding and accelerating the mRNA tech funding and testing of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine.
So whether China can successfully come up with its own mRNA vaccine will demonstrate if its pharmaceutical capabilities are on par and can compete on this industry with the rest of the world
I think it's a given that mRNA vaccines will be developed for a whole range of diseases by pharma companies everywhere.
If anything, I expect global pharmaceutical companies will end up competing on the China price like in other industries.