This is the real chart but it might be a little bit misleading for people who aren't familiar with Iran. They have had two exchange rates (official and market). Historically they tried to provide importers with the subsidized rate for key things to deal with the impact of sanctions. The Pezeshkian government which we might refer to as neoliberal wants to harmonize the rates because there is corruption associated with it (as you would expect in a kind of clandestine sanction breaking system) and pass a heavy austerity budget. This harmonization is the spike. For the public, the recent spike they feel is more like 25%. Since the brief war though, it is more like 50%+. I should point out while the Iranian economy is messed up for many internal reasons, the current crisis is very much due to the sanctions. They have a current account surplus and reserves of around $120 billion. If they could access their reserves at any kind of scale they could comfortably support their currency.
Here is a link that provides some background:
Please ignore the claim about the morality police killing Mahsa Amini which I hope at least people here know is unsupported.
I agree with other posters' comments that they need to secure their necessities domestically as much as possible if they want to oppose US foreign policy. They actually have respectable domestic capabilities. Unfortunately, much of their political establishment adheres to Western economic orthodoxy which might work in normal circumstances but to me it is obvious you can't try to play your superpower opponent's game while in such direct confrontation. You either give up some of your foreign policy and adopt the Dengist bide your time and hide what little strength you might have, or you behave like you are in a fight and go command economy or what Iranian politics might call resistance economy.
Now, posters here understand political factionalism and class interests so you can do your own speculation on what is going under the surface.
Of course, there are also immense technical challenges like water scarcity etc. No need to try go into everything
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