Next Generation Rockets on Their Way!

AssassinsMace

Lieutenant General
China successfully tests engines for next-generation rocket Mon Jul 10, 8:25 AM ET



China has successfully test-fired the engines of a new rocket that could launch its first manned mission to the moon, state media has.

The engines of the new Long March C rocket are expected to make it three times more powerful than existing versions of the Long March, Xinhua news agency said on Monday.

The engines, which burn liquid hydrogen and kerosene, are non-polluting and will give a maximum propulsion of 120 tons, said the report, citing engineers at the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp.

"The new rocket development program is critical for China's future space programs, including a proposed manned mission to the moon," Long Lehao, chief engineer of the Long March C project, was quoted as saying.

"China's existing launch vehicle is not powerful enough to send astronauts to the moon."

Earlier reports said that the rocket would also play a role in placing China's first space station into orbit.

The new rocket is further expected to compete with the United States, Europe and Japan in the commercial satellite launch market.

China hopes to launch a lunar exploration satellite next year as part of a program that aims to place an unmanned vehicle on the moon by 2010, Xinhua said.

China successfully launched astronaut Yang Liwei into orbit in 2003, becoming the third country after the former Soviet Union and the United States to place a man in space.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------


Dear Mr. Webmaster,

I think this forum needs a Space section. I don't know if there's enough info on the Chinese space program out there, but I'm interested and sure others are too.
 

Webmaster

The Troll Hunter
Staff member
Administrator
Thanks. I will talk this over with moderators and see what we can do about having a Defence Tech section. Keep the ideas coming.
 

Bueller

New Member
AssassinsMace said:
China successfully tests engines for next-generation rocket Mon Jul 10, 8:25 AM ET

The engines, which burn liquid hydrogen and kerosene

When I read this part, I was confused at first - there's no oxidizer. Then the word "engines" clued me in. So, I think this is what the auther meant: there are really two kinds of engines, one burns LH with an oxidizer, like LOX, and the other burns kerosene with an oxidizer.
 

duskylim

Junior Member
VIP Professional
Dear Sirs:

Generally the best source of information on this topic and generally all other space stuff is Mark Wade's execellent Encyclopaedia Astronautica (do you know that NASA refers you to this site for space tech or space history?). They have a very comprehensive and thorough series of articles on the Chinese Space Program; especially the history of the Long March series of rockets and their engines (YF-20 etc.).

Also included is information about future Chinese Space developements, one of which is a new generation of launch vehicles and their engines.

Best Regards,

Dusky Lim
 

akinkhoo

Junior Member
Encyclopaedia Astronautica
Please, Log in or Register to view URLs content!


is the only resource site i used, it has comprehensive information on every known space hardware. even those that only exist on paper; making it an excellence choice to learn about the direction of the space development and it's history.

btw this is the article on the engine in question:
Please, Log in or Register to view URLs content!


Designer: China Academy of Aerospace Liquid Propulsion Technology.
Developed in: 1999-2006.
Propellants: Lox/Kerosene.
Thrust(vac): 1,340.200 kN (301,289 lbf).
Thrust(sl): 1,200.000 kN (269,700 lbf).
Throttled thrust(vac): 871.000 kN (195,808 lbf).
Isp: 336 sec.
Isp (sea level): 301 sec.
Chambers: 1.
Oxidizer to Fuel Ratio: 2.70.
Country: China.
Status: In development.

New Lox/Kerosene engine for the next generation Chinese launch vehicles. Said to have been developed with Russian assistance and has turbomachinery design features in common with the Glushko RD-170/-180/-190 series. However the Russians have no thrust chamber in this thrust category and therefore the engine represents an entirely new design using all-indigenous components. Turbopump-fed, built in one- and two-axis gimballed versions. Oxygen bled from engine is used to pressurize oxygen tank; helium to pressurize kerosene tank. The engine can be throttled to 65% of rated thrust. Firing tests began in 2003 and were to be completed by early 2006. First launch expected in 2008.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
YF-120t used on Rocket Stages

Used on stage: CZ-NGLV-200. on launch vehicle: CZ-NGLV-200.
Used on stage: CZ-NGLV-200. on launch vehicle: CZ-NGLV-320.
Used on stage: CZ-NGLV-200. on launch vehicle: CZ-NGLV-522.
Used on stage: CZ-NGLV-200. on launch vehicle: CZ-NGLV-522/HO.
Used on stage: CZ-NGLV-200. on launch vehicle: CZ-NGLV-540.
Used on stage: CZ-NGLV-200. on launch vehicle: CZ-NGLV-540/HO.
Used on stage: CZ-NGLV-300. on launch vehicle: CZ-NGLV-320.
Used on stage: CZ-NGLV-300. on launch vehicle: CZ-NGLV-504.
Used on stage: CZ-NGLV-300. on launch vehicle: CZ-NGLV-504/HO.
Used on stage: CZ-NGLV-300. on launch vehicle: CZ-NGLV-522.
Used on stage: CZ-NGLV-300. on launch vehicle: CZ-NGLV-522/HO.
wow, that is alot of info for a rocket in development... heheheh @_@||
 

duskylim

Junior Member
VIP Professional
Dear Sirs:

The Chinese decision to proceed from storable liquid propellants launcher and rocket engine design (the CZx and YF-2x series) to one using cryogenic propellants signifies an evolution from what was basically a military platform (i.e. an ICBM) to a civilian one.

This is indeed a well-trodden path. Basically the same transitions were made by the those countries which developed their own indigenous rocket technology i.e. the US (albeit a very short transition), the USSR (here delays in the development of solid propellants made for a very long transition) and the EU (via ESA though it did not have a military program). Other nations benefitting from technology transfer (like Japan and India) did not undergo such a transition.

Basically it means sacrificing some availability (that is with storable propellants the rocket is constantly ready for immediate launch) for higher performance. LOX - Kerosene and LOX - H2 both have higher specific impulse and exhaust velocity than the combination of H2N2 (hydrazine) and N204 (nitrogen tetroxide).

LOX - Kerosene is relatively easy to handle, but LOX - H2 is not. The storable liquid propellants are both toxic and corrosive (and are hypergolic - they ignite on contact!) and require special handling but unlike LOX and H2 are not cryogenic.

What is surprising is that the civilian launchers developed with these propellants (like Ariane 5 and Japan's H - series) are less reliable than their ICBM predecessors. Will China also experience teething troubles with the new launchers? We'll have to wait and see.

Best Regards,

Dusky Lim
 
Top